A mountain range on the border between Gunma and Niigata prefectures. Stretching from northeast to southwest, it is a major barrier on the northwestern edge of the Kanto region, and with this mountain range as a watershed, it brings about significant differences in both nature and human life on the Pacific Ocean side and the Sea of Japan side. The rocks that make up the mountain range are granite and diorite, and are Mesozoic and Tertiary strata. The mountain has a steep, mature topography carved into deep valleys, and extends from the northeast to the southwest with peaks of Mt. Tango (1,809 meters), Mt. Karasawa (1,900 meters), Mt. Shigekura (1,978 meters), Mt. Tanigawa (1,963 meters), Mt. Mantaro (1,954 meters), Mt. Sennokura (2,026 meters), Mt. Tairappyo (1,984 meters), Mt. Mikuni (1,636 meters), and Mt. Shirasuna (2,140 meters), and has high peaks of 2,000 meters or higher straddling the three provinces of Kozuke, Echigo, and Shinano. Shimizu Pass (1,448 meters) and Mikuni Pass (1,244 meters) have long been important transportation routes over the mountain range, but after the opening of the JNR (now JR) Joetsu Line through the Shimizu Tunnel, they have hardly been used at all, and now National Route 17 tunnels cross under Mikuni Pass, and the JR Joetsu Shinkansen and Kan'etsu Expressway tunnels cross the mountain range. The area southwest of Shimizu Pass is Joshin'etsu Kogen National Park, and the area up to Mikuni Pass is called the Tanigawa Mountain Range, and is visited by many climbers, but caution is required against sudden changes in weather, avalanches, heavy rain, and dense fog. [Murakami Sadao] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
群馬・新潟県境の山地。北東から南西に延び、関東地方北西縁の一大障壁で、この山脈を分水界として太平洋側と日本海側とに自然的にも人間生活にも著しい差異をもたらしている。山脈を構成する岩石は、花崗(かこう)岩・閃緑(せんりょく)岩、中生界および第三系の地層である。深い谷に刻まれた高峻(こうしゅん)な壮年期の地形で、北東から丹後(たんご)山(1809メートル)、柄沢(からさわ)山(1900メートル)、茂倉(しげくら)岳(1978メートル)、谷川(たにがわ)岳(1963メートル)、万太郎(まんたろう)山(1954メートル)、仙ノ倉(せんのくら)山(2026メートル)、平標(たいらっぴょう)山(1984メートル)、三国山(1636メートル)、白砂(しらすな)山(2140メートル)など南西に及び、上野(こうずけ)、越後(えちご)、信濃(しなの)の三国にまたがって2000メートル級の高峰をもつ。清水峠(1448メートル)と三国峠(1244メートル)が昔から山脈を越える重要な交通路であったが、清水トンネルによる国鉄(現、JR)上越線開通後ほとんど利用されなくなり、現在は国道17号のトンネルで三国峠の下を横断し、また、JR上越新幹線や関越自動車道のトンネルが山脈を横断する。清水峠から南西は上信越高原国立公園の地域で、三国峠までを谷川連峰とよんで登山者が多いが、天気の激変や雪崩(なだれ)、豪雨、濃霧などに警戒が必要とされている。 [村木定雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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