This is a style of painting that was started around 1912 by Robert Delaunay. The poet Apollinaire named it after Orpheus, the Greek god of music. Delaunay himself adopted Cubism, but rebelled against its emphasis on form and its rejection of color, and advocated the introduction of bright and rich colors. In an attempt to bring back the bright colors of Impressionism and Neo-Impressionism, he studied Chevreul's color theory and mastered the theoretical method of color contrast. Influenced by Italian Futurism, he introduced a dynamic sense of movement into the combination of color and form, bringing musical rhythm and melody to the painting. Orphism painting, which pursued the musical and poetic image of color purely away from concrete objects, was the starting point of abstract painting along with Kandinsky and Mondrian. In addition to Delaunay, other artists who can be mentioned include Fernand Léger, Francis Picabia, Duchamp, and Duchamp-Billon. [Shigeo Chiba] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1912年ごろからロベール・ドローネーを中心にして始められた一画風をいう。詩人アポリネールが、ギリシア神話の音楽神オルフェウスにちなんで命名した。ドローネーは自らキュビスムを取り入れながらも、その形体重視による色彩の排除という点に反発し、明るく豊潤な色彩を導入することを主張した。印象派や新印象派の明るい色彩を取り戻そうと、シュブルールの色彩論を学び、色彩の対照法を理論的に修得した彼は、イタリア未来派の影響も相まって、色彩と形体の組合せにダイナミックな運動感を導き入れ、画面に音楽的なリズムと旋律をもたらした。色彩の音楽的、詩的イメージを具体的対象から離れて純粋に追求したオルフィスムの絵画は、カンディンスキー、モンドリアンと並んで抽象絵画の出発点ともなった。ドローネーのほかにはフェルナン・レジェ、フランシス・ピカビア、デュシャン、デュシャン・ビヨンらの名があげられる。 [千葉成夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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