Mannitol

Japanese: マンニット(英語表記)mannitol
Mannitol
Chemical formula: C 6 H 14 O 6 . It is a sugar alcohol of mannose, also called mannitol. The naturally occurring form is D-mannite. It is the main component of the sugar-containing secretions secreted from the stems and leaves of various plants, and is also found in large quantities in brown algae. Melting point: 166°C. It has a strong sweetness. Medically, it is classified as an osmotic diuretic, and when injected intravenously, it draws water from the tissues, increases circulating blood volume, and promotes glomerular filtration. In addition, since it is not reabsorbed from the renal tubules, it increases the osmotic pressure in the renal tubule fluid, inhibits the reabsorption of water and sodium, and increases urine volume. It is usually injected intravenously as a 25% hypertonic solution, but unlike glucose, it is a foreign substance to the body and is quickly excreted by the kidneys, so its diuretic effect is superior to that of glucose. Clinically, it is used for oliguria caused by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
化学式 C6H14O6 。マンノースの糖アルコールで,マンニトールともいう。天然に存在するものはD-マンニットである。各種植物の茎,葉から分泌される糖を含んだ分泌液の主成分で,褐藻類中にも多量に含まれる。融点 166℃。強い甘味がある。医学的には浸透圧性利尿剤に属し,静脈内に注射すると組織から水を吸引して循環血液量を増大し,腎糸球体ろ過を促進する。また腎尿細管から再吸収されないため,尿細管腔液中の浸透圧を高め,水,ナトリウムの再吸収を抑制して尿量を増す。通常 25%の高張溶液として静脈注射されるが,ブドウ糖と違って生体に対して異物となって腎臓からすみやかに排泄されるので,利尿効果はブドウ糖よりすぐれている。臨床的には糸球体ろ過量,腎血漿流量の減少による乏尿に用いられる。

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