A merchant who monopolized the export of woolen fabrics (unfinished broadcloth) from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period in England. He organized the Merchant Adventurers Guild. He was a national merchant who rose to prominence in the 14th and 15th centuries, pushing back staple merchants and driving out foreign merchants such as the Hanseatics and Italian merchants, thereby promoting the development of the woolen industry in England. He formed his own organizations in various bases around the country, such as London, Hull, York, Exeter, and Bristol, but in 1564 he was granted a letter of charter by Queen Elizabeth II to form a unified guild. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
イギリス中世末期から近世にかけて毛織物(未仕上げ広幅織)輸出を独占した貿易商人で,マーチャント・アドベンチャラーズ組合(冒険商人組合)を組織した。14,15世紀に台頭しステープル商人を後退させ,またハンザ,イタリア商人など外国商人を駆逐して,イギリス毛織物工業の発達を促した国民的商人である。ロンドン,ハル,ヨーク,エクセター,ブリストルなど国内各地の拠点におのおの独自の組織を形成していたが,1564年エリザベス女王からの特許状によって統一的な組合を形成した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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