Also written as "magawa". A farm tool with tines (iron or bamboo) about 15 cm long planted at equal intervals along a crossbeam, two shafts attached horizontally in front of the crossbeam, and a rope to pull it with a cow or horse to plow rice fields. A torii-shaped handle is attached above the crossbeam to adjust the position of the horse hoe. It is thought to have originated in China, but is a common farm tool in rice paddy areas of Asia. In China, the word "ha" is used for those used to break soil in fields, and "sou" is used for plowing. The horse hoe is thought to have been introduced from North China via the Korean Peninsula. Today, this work is done with a rotary tilling device attached to a tractor or a walk-behind device. [Hisashi Horio] "Agricultural Tools" by Jiro Iinuma and Hisashi Horio (1976, Hosei University Press) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
馬耙(まぐわ)とも書く。横木に長さ15センチメートルくらいの歯(鉄あるいは竹)を、その長さと同じくらいの間隔で植え、横木から前方水平に轅(ながえ)2本を取り付け、綱を介して牛や馬に牽(ひ)かせ、田の代掻(しろかき)をする農具。横木の上方に鳥居状の把手(とって)を設け馬鍬の姿勢を調節する。中国起源のものと考えられているが、アジアの水田地帯では一般的な農具である。中国で、畑地の砕土に用いるものには「耙(は)」、代掻には「耖(そう)」をあてている。馬鍬は華北から朝鮮半島を経由して伝えられたと考えられている。なお、今日では、トラクター装着あるいは歩行型のロータリー耕耘(こううん)装置で行っている。 [堀尾尚志] 『飯沼二郎・堀尾尚志著『農具』(1976・法政大学出版局)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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