A horizontal beam attached to the top of a building's entrance or window. It is fitted to the pillars on both sides with a large inset or a tenon to support the small wall above and support the weight from above. A horizontal beam with a groove and a hibata at the bottom is called a kamoi, while a horizontal beam without a groove is called a mume. In the case of a gate, it is attached next to the door, and the horizontal beam at the foot of the door is called a kehanashi. In the case of a window, the lower horizontal beam is called a window sill. In buildings made of stone or brick, the tops of entrances and windows are arched, but sometimes a single stone is placed horizontally at the top, which is called a lintel stone. [Kudou Yoshiaki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
建物の出入口や窓の上部に取り付けた横木。両側の柱に大入(おおい)れ、または枘(ほぞ)差しにして上部の小壁を受け、上からの荷重を支える役目をする。下端に樋端(ひばた)がつく溝のあるものを鴨居(かもい)とよび、溝のない横架材を無目(むめ)という。門の場合は扉のそばにつくが、同じく扉下の足元の横材は蹴放(けはなし)とよぶ。また窓の場合は下の横材を窓台(まどだい)という。石造やれんが造などの組積造(そせきぞう)の建物では、出入口や窓の上部をアーチとするが、上部に水平に単一石材を入れることもあり、それを楣石という。 [工藤圭章] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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