Magsaysay, Ramon

Japanese: マグサイサイ（英語表記）Magsaysay， Ramon

Born: August 31, 1907, Zambales, Ibadan
[Died] March 17, 1957.
Philippine politician. While most of the country's leading politicians are of Spanish descent, he was of Malay descent, just like the general public. After graduating from the University of the Philippines and Jose Rizal University in Manila, he worked as an auto mechanic and then became general manager of a transportation company. During World War II, he was active in Luzon as an anti-Japanese guerilla leader, and after the US military reoccupied the Philippines, he became military governor of Zambales Province. From 1946 to 1950, he was elected to two terms as a member of the House of Representatives as a member of the Liberal Party. In 1950, he served as Secretary of Defense under President E. Quirino of the Liberal Party, and led the suppression of the Huks, who were powerful at the time. In 1953, he resigned as Minister of Defense due to disagreements with the Quirino administration over the policy of suppressing the Huks. In 1953, he was nominated as the National Party's presidential candidate, and defeated Quirino to win the election. In 1954, he surrendered Huk leader L. Talc, and gained national popularity. He vigorously implemented policies such as land reform, but they were opposed by large landowners and a conservative parliament, and he died in a plane crash on his way back to Manila from Cebu with his term remaining.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1907.8.31. サンバレス，イバ
[没]1957.3.17.
フィリピンの政治家。フィリピンの大部分の指導的政治家がスペイン系であるのに対し，一般庶民と同じマレー系出身。マニラのフィリピン大学とホセ・リサール大学卒業後，自動車修理工から輸送会社総支配人となった。第2次世界大戦中抗日ゲリラ指導者としてルソン島で活躍，アメリカ軍がフィリピンを再占領したのちは，サンバレス州軍政知事に就任。 1946～50年自由党から下院議員に2期当選。 50年自由党の E.キリノ大統領のもとで国防長官をつとめ，当時勢力をふるっていたフク団の討伐を指揮。 53年フク団討伐の方針につきキリノ政権と意見が対立し，国防相を辞任。 53年国民党の大統領候補に指名され，キリノを破り当選。 54年フク団の首領 L.タルクを投降させ国民的人気を博した。土地改革などの政策を精力的に打出したが大地主や保守的議会などの反対で進まず，任期を残したままセブ島からマニラへの帰路飛行機事故のため死亡。

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