Nobushige Hozumi

Japanese: 穂積陳重 - ほづみ・のぶしげ

Year of death: April 7, 1926
Year of birth: 11th July 1856 (1856.8.11)
A legal scholar of the Meiji and Taisho periods. He was the second son of Hozumi Shigeki, a samurai of the Uwajima Domain in Shikoku (Ehime Prefecture). He studied at Daigaku Nanko and Kaisei Schools, and from 1876 (Meiji 9), he studied in England and Germany, where he was appointed barrister at the Middle Temple in London and also studied at the University of Berlin, before returning to Japan in 1881. As a professor and dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Tokyo, he promoted the German law promotion policy of Kato Hiroyuki, a professor of law at the University of Tokyo, and was in charge of jurisprudence and English law. In the civil code debate, he took a position in favor of postponement, and as a member of the Code Research Committee established in 1901, he drafted the civil code together with Ume Kenjiro and Tomii Masaaki, and was involved in many pieces of legislation thereafter. He played a pioneering role in various areas of law, and was a mentor to early researchers in a variety of fields, including civil law, criminal law, international law, international private law, legal philosophy, legal history, comparative law, legal anthropology, and prison studies. He viewed law in evolutionary terms and opposed drastic change, but saw the future moving in a liberal direction as inevitable. He explained the taboos of the Emperor system from an anthropological perspective, and was critical of the suicide of Nogi and his wife. Yoshino Sakuzo says that the enlightened tradition of the Faculty of Law at the University of Tokyo owes much to him. He became the first imperially appointed member of the House of Peers in 1918, but resigned in 1920. In 1916 (Taisho 5), he became a Privy Councilor, in March 1922 he became Vice-Chairman, and in October of the same year he became Chairman. He also served as President of the Academy for many years. He is the older brother of constitutional scholar Hozumi Yatsuka, and the father of family law scholar Hozumi Shigeto. <Works> "Legal Evolution Theory", 3 volumes <References> Hozumi Shigeyuki, "The Beginnings of the Meiji Legal Scholar"

(Ryuichi Nagao)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：大正15.4.7(1926)
生年：安政3.7.11(1856.8.11)
明治大正期の法学者。四国宇和島藩(愛媛県)藩士穂積重樹の次男。大学南校,開成校に学び,明治9(1876)年より英独に留学,ロンドンのミドル・テンプルでバリスター(法廷弁護士)の称号を得,ベルリン大にも学び,14年帰国。東大法学部教授,法学部長として,加藤弘之東大綜理のドイツ法振興政策を推進,法理学,英法などを担当した。民法典論争には延期論の立場に立ち,26年設置された法典調査会委員として,梅謙次郎,富井政章と共に民法典を起草,その後も多くの立法に関与した。法学の諸領域にわたって開拓者の役割を果たし,民法はもとより,刑法,国際法,国際私法,法哲学,法史学,比較法,法人類学,監獄学などさまざまな領域で,初期の研究者たちの師である。法を進化的にとらえ,激変に反対したが,未来が自由主義的方向に進むことを不可避とみていた。天皇制のタブーを人類学的に解明し,乃木夫妻の殉死には批判的態度をとる。東大法学部の開明的な伝統は彼に負うところが多いと吉野作造はいう。23年第1回貴族院勅選議員となったが,25年辞任。大正5(1916)年枢密顧問官,14年3月副議長,同10月議長。また長く学士院長を務めた。憲法学者穂積八束の兄,家族法学者穂積重遠の父である。<著作>『法律進化論』全3巻<参考文献>穂積重行『明治一法学者の出発』

(長尾龍一)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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