Conservative/Reformist

Japanese: 保守･革新 - ほしゅかくしん

It is a term used to classify political forces in a dichotomous way, with "conservative" generally referring to forces that take a conservative stance and "progressive" referring to forces that take an anti-conservative stance, but it has been used primarily in relation to the distribution of party forces under the "55 System" in Japan, which was centered on the LDP and the Socialist Party. In this case, "conservative" refers to political forces centered on the LDP, and "progressive" refers to anti-LDP forces centered on the Socialist Party. One reason this term was effective in analyzing politics under the 55 System is that under this system, political forces were largely divided into the LDP and the Socialist Party, and the two parties formed the rallying points for the conservative and progressive camps.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

政治勢力を二分法的に分類するときに用いられる用語で，〈保守〉が一般的に保守主義的立場に立つ勢力を，〈革新〉が反保守主義的立場に立つ勢力を，それぞれ総括的に指すが，もっぱら日本の自民党と社会党を中心とする〈55年体制〉下の政党勢力の配置状況に関連して用いられてきた。この場合，〈保守〉は自民党を中心とする政治勢力を，〈革新〉は社会党を中心とする反自民勢力を意味する。55年体制下の政治分析上この用語が有効でありえたのは，一つには，この体制の下で政治勢力が自民党と社会党に大きく二分され，両党が保革両陣営のそれぞれの結集点を形成していたからである。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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