Hoshina-shi - Hoshina-uji

The original family name is Seiwa Genji, Yorisue lineage. It is related to Hoshina, Hoshina, and Hoshina, and has been seen in various places such as Shinano, Echigo, Sado, Kai, Musashi, Kazusa, and Shimousa as a clan of military commanders, warriors, and retainers since the time of the Genpei War. The main branch of this clan is the Hoshina clan of Shinano (Nagano Prefecture). This branch of the Hoshina clan of Ina traces its origin to Inoue Kamonnosuke Yorisue, the grandson of Tada Mitsunaka, the eldest son of Minamoto no Tsunemoto. The clan was native to Inoue, Takai County, northern Shinano, and the clan spread to the nearby Hoshina district, where it gained a military reputation during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods. During the Sengoku period, Chikugo no Kami Masanori became the lord of Takato Castle in Ina (Ina City, Nagano Prefecture), and his son Masatoshi served Takeda Shingen and Katsuyori, and was known as a spear-wielding general, with some 37 military achievements. From 1582 (Tensho 10), Masanao and Masamitsu served Tokugawa Ieyasu, and in 1590 Masamitsu was granted 10,000 koku of land in Tako, Shimousa Province (Tako Town, Chiba Prefecture). Due to his achievements in the Battle of Sekigahara, he was given back his former domain of 30,000 koku of land in Takato, and through a connection with his stepmother, he adopted the fourth son of Shogun Hidetada. This was Hoshina Masayuki, who became the lord of Aizu Domain in 1643 (Kan'ei 20). In 1696 (Genroku 9), he joined the family and became the Aizu Matsudaira clan. Meanwhile, Masasada, who was Masamitsu's half-brother and adopted by him, left the family and became a hatamoto (samurai retainer), and then became a daimyo of Iino in Kazusa (Futtsu City, Chiba Prefecture) with a stipend of 17,000 koku (later 20,000 koku). The Hoshina clan, direct retainers of the hatamoto, was a branch of the Iino Hoshina clan.

[Hiroshi Honda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

本姓清和源氏(せいわげんじ)頼季(よりすえ)流。星名、穂科、保志奈と相通じ、源平合戦のころから武将、武士、郎従の氏として、信濃(しなの)、越後(えちご)、佐渡、甲斐(かい)、武蔵(むさし)、上総(かずさ)、下総(しもうさ)などの各地にみられる。そのなかで主流は信濃（長野県）の保科氏である。この一流である伊那(いな)保科氏は、源経基(みなもとのつねもと)の長男多田満仲(ただみつなか)の孫井上掃部助(いのうえかもんのすけ)頼季を祖とした。北信濃の高井郡井上に土着し、一族は付近の保科郷にも広がり鎌倉・室町時代に武名をあげた。戦国期には、筑後守(ちくごのかみ)正則が伊那高遠(たかとお)城（長野県伊那市）城主となり、その子正俊は武田信玄(たけだしんげん)・勝頼(かつより)父子に仕え槍弾正(やりだんじょう)として勇名をはせ、およそ三十七度の軍功があったと伝えられる。1582年（天正10）から正直(まさなお)・正光父子とも徳川家康に仕え、1590年正光は下総国多古(たこ)（千葉県多古町）に1万石を賜り、関ヶ原の戦いの功により、旧領高遠3万石に復し、継母の縁により将軍秀忠(ひでただ)の第4子を養嗣子(ようしし)とした。これが保科正之(まさゆき)で、1643年（寛永20）会津藩主となった。1696年（元禄9）に至って、家門に列し、会津松平氏となった。一方、正光の異母弟でその養子となっていた正貞は家を離れ旗本となり、ついで上総飯野(いいの)（千葉県富津(ふっつ)市）1万7000石の大名となった（のち2万石）。旗本直参(じきさん)の保科氏は飯野保科氏の分家である。

［誉田　宏］

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