Todd

British organic chemist. After graduating from the University of Glasgow, he obtained his doctorate from the University of Frankfurt under W. Borsche. After returning to Japan, he studied anthocyanins and natural pigments under R. Robinson at Oxford University, where he obtained his Ph.D. Thereafter, he worked at the University of Edinburgh, the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, and the University of London, before becoming a professor at Manchester University in 1938 and a professor of organic chemistry at Cambridge University in 1944. His achievements include the synthesis of vitamins _B1 and E, and the determination of the structure of vitamin _B12 in collaboration with DC Hodgkin. During his time at Manchester University, he became interested in the determination and synthesis of coenzymes, and conducted research on nucleosides, nucleotides, nucleotide coenzymes, and their phosphorylation. He succeeded in synthesizing ATP and FAD (1949) and uridine 5'-triphosphate (1954), contributing to the elucidation of the chemical structure of nucleic acids. For his research on nucleosides and nucleotide coenzymes, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1957.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

イギリスの有機化学者．グラスゴー大学卒業後，フランクフルト大学でW. Borscheのもとで学位を取得．帰国後，オックスフォード大学でR. Robinson(ロビンソン)についてアントシアニンおよび天然色素について研究し，Ph.D.を取得．その後，エジンバラ大学，リスター予防医学研究所，ロンドン大学などに勤務し，1938年マンチェスター大学教授，1944年ケンブリッジ大学の有機化学教授となる．ビタミン B₁ とEの合成，D.C. Hodgkin(ホジキン)と協力して行ったビタミン B₁₂ の構造決定などの業績がある．マンチェスター大学時代に補酵素の構造決定と合成に関心をもち，ヌクレオシド，ヌクレオチド，ヌクレオチド補酵素，およびそれらのリン酸化の研究を行った．ATP，FADの合成(1949年)，ウリジン5′-三リン酸の合成(1954年)に成功し，核酸の化学的構造の解明に貢献した．以上のようなヌクレオシドとヌクレオチド補酵素に関する研究で，1957年ノーベル化学賞を受賞した．

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