Hodgkin's disease

Japanese: ホジキン病 - ほじきんびょう
Hodgkin's disease

This is a type of malignant lymphoma that was first reported in 1832 by the British physician Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866). It is characterized by the appearance of Reed-Sternberg giant cells in swollen lymph nodes. In addition, fibers (granulation tissue) appear, and Hodgkin cells, lymphocytes, inflammatory cells, and eosinophils are added to show a complex cellular composition. It is rare in Japan, but common in Europe and the United States, and is uncommon in young children. The cause is unknown, and viruses are attracting attention. It has findings that resemble a combination of tumor and inflammation, and clinically, it is accompanied by fever (Perl-Epstein type), accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and an increase in white blood cells, but lymphocytes decrease early, weakening the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections and more likely to produce autoantibodies. It is divided into stages I to IV, and is also classified according to histological findings. Treatment includes radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.

[Kenjiro Ito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

1832年イギリスの内科医ホジキンThomas Hodgkin(1798―1866)が最初に報告した悪性リンパ腫(しゅ)の一病型で、腫脹(しゅちょう)したリンパ節の中に、リード‐シュテルンベルグ巨細胞が出現するのが特徴である。さらに線維(肉芽組織)が出現し、ホジキン細胞、リンパ球、炎症性細胞、好酸球が加わって複雑な細胞構成を示す。わが国には少なくて欧米に多く、幼小児には少ない。原因は不明で、ウイルスが注目されている。腫瘍(しゅよう)と炎症が加わったような所見で、臨床的にも、発熱(ペル‐エプスタインの熱型)とともに赤沈が促進し、白血球の増加がおこるが、リンパ球は早くから減少して免疫力が低下し、感染症にかかりやすく、また自己抗体がつくられやすい。Ⅰ期からⅣ期に分けられ、組織所見からも分類される。治療としては放射線療法および化学療法のほか、免疫療法も行われる。

[伊藤健次郎]

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