梆子 - housi (English spelling) bāng zı

Japanese: 梆子 - ほうし（英語表記）bāng zı

Chinese clappers made from jujube trees. Also refers to old opera (bangzi cunning), sung with high-pitched sounds and accompanied by wooden fiddle. It originated from folk songs in the northwest, Shaanxi bangzi (Qin cunning), which spread eastward to Shanxi (Jin opera), Henan (Yu opera), Hebei, Shandong, and other areas, giving rise to distinctive bangzi, forming a large theatrical area in the north and spreading southward. It has characteristics different from Kun opera, such as singing without dancing and starting with a weak beat. In the late Qing dynasty, it was performed jointly with Peking opera, and as a result it also influenced Peking opera. At the beginning of this century, it also played a role in enlightening the common people by taking advantage of its popularity.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国の棗（なつめ）製拍子木。そのかん高い打撃音と板面胡弓の伴奏で高亢激越に歌う旧劇(梆子腔)もさす。源流は西北の民歌とされ陝西梆子(秦腔)が東漸して山西(晋劇)，河南(予劇)，河北，山東等々各地の特色ある梆子を生み，北方に一大劇圏を形成し南下もした。舞を伴わない歌唱や弱拍歌い出しなど崑劇と異なる特徴をもつ。清末に京劇と合同公演した結果，京劇にも影響を与えた。今世紀初めにはその通俗性を利して庶民啓蒙の役割ももった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

<<: Time signal - Houji

>>: Spores - Houshi