The Three Lords

Japanese: 三卿 - さんきょう

Also known as the Gosankyo. These are the Tayasu, Hitotsubashi and Shimizu families, who were close relatives of the Tokugawa Shogunate. In the mid-Edo period, the relationship between the Shogunate and the three families became estranged, so the eighth Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune, had his two sons establish families that would be similar to the three families and would have close ties with the Shogunate, and the ninth Shogun, Ieshige, followed suit. The name Sankyo is thought to come from the fact that all of them were ranked as nobles (Junior Third Rank) after coming of age. They were allowed to use the Tokugawa family name, but their status was that of roommates within the Shogunate, and the upper-ranking retainers and servants in the residence were seconded (attached) from the Shogunate.
→ Related items Kansei Shoshu Shokafu | Related clans | Tokugawa clan

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

御三卿とも。徳川将軍家と近親関係にあった田安家，一橋家，清水家をいう。江戸中期，将軍家と三家との関係が疎遠になったため，８代将軍徳川吉宗は自分の２子に三家に準じて将軍家と密接な関係をもつ家柄として一家を構えさせ，９代将軍家重もこれにならった。三卿の名は元服ののちいずれも公卿（従三位）に列せられたことに由来すると思われる。徳川の家号を許されたが，将軍家内の部屋住の地位であり，邸臣も上層の家老・用人などは幕府からの出向（付人）であった。
→関連項目寛政重修諸家譜｜親藩｜徳川氏

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