Fang Yizhi - Hoichi

Japanese: 方以智 - ほういち

1611‐71
A Chinese thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. His pen name was Mitsushi, and his pen names were Man Gong and Fu Shan Gu Zha. He was from Tongcheng County, Anhui Province. He was a Jinshi in 1640. He was awarded the position of Hanlin Academy scholar, but he was invaded by the Manchus and wandered around Lingnan. He refused to submit to the Qing army and became a monk. He believed that the Neo-Confucianism of studying things and the pursuit of truth was insufficient to explore the truth of things, so he absorbed Western learning from the Jesuit missionaries who had come to China at the time. Based on the theory of mutual fire by the Yuan dynasty physician Zhu Zhenheng and the theory of revering fire by Juelang Daosheng, he advocated the "study of quality measurement" as a method of exploring the "reason for the way things are" and the "tongji" as a method of exploring metaphysical truth.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1611‐71
中国，明末･清初の思想家。字は密之（みつし），号は曼公，浮山愚者など。安徽省桐城県の人。崇禎13年(1640)の進士。翰林院検討を授けられたが，満州族の侵略にあい，嶺南の各地を流浪し，清軍への帰順を拒んで僧侶となった。彼は，朱子学の格物窮理は事物の理を探究するには不十分だとし，当時渡来していたジェスイット宣教師たちから西洋の学問を摂取し，また元代の医師朱震亨（しゆしんこう）の相火論，覚浪道盛の尊火論にもとづいて，あくまで事物の〈然る所以の理〉を探究する方法としての〈質測の学〉と形而上的真理の探究の方法としての〈通幾〉を唱えた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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