Bering Sea - Bering Sea (English spelling)

Japanese: ベーリング海 - べーりんぐかい(英語表記)Bering Sea
Bering Sea - Bering Sea (English spelling)

A closed sea area in the northernmost part of the North Pacific Ocean. It is surrounded by Alaska to the east, Siberia to the north, Kamchatka Peninsula to the west, and the Aleutian Islands and Commander Islands to the south. Its area is 2,268,000 square kilometers. The International Date Line runs through almost the center. One third of the northeastern part is a continental shelf with a depth of less than 200 meters, and the remaining area is a basin with a depth of 3,000 to 4,000 meters. The northern end is connected to the Arctic Ocean through the Bering Strait. Because the strait is shallow, there is almost no water exchange with the Arctic Ocean. Most of the sea area freezes over, and in some places it can last for 10 months. However, the freezing period is short around the Aleutian Islands due to the influence of the Kuroshio Current, and Dutch Harbor on Unalaska Island in Alaska, USA, is known as an ice-free port. Dense fog is commonplace. A treasure trove of marine resources such as salmon, trout, crabs, and whales, it was once the center of Japan's North Pacific fishing industry. However, after the war, the Japan-US-Canada Fisheries Treaty and the Japan-Soviet Fisheries Agreement with the former Soviet Union significantly restricted fishing areas.

The Bering Sea was passed by Russians including Dezhnev in 1648, but it was not until 1728 that the Bering Expedition confirmed that it was a strait, hence the name.

[Tsurumi Eisaku]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

北太平洋の最北部にある閉鎖的な海域。東側をアラスカに、北側をシベリアに、西側をカムチャツカ半島に、南側をアリューシャン列島やコマンドルスキー諸島に取り囲まれる。面積226.8万平方キロメートル。ほぼ中央部を日付変更線が通っている。北東部の3分の1は水深200メートル以浅の大陸棚が占め、残りの海域は水深3000~4000メートルの海盆になっている。北端はベーリング海峡を通じて北極海とつながる。海峡の水深が浅いため、北極海との水の交流はほとんどない。海域の大部分が結氷し、ところによっては10か月に及ぶ。しかし、アリューシャン列島付近は黒潮の影響で結氷期間が短く、アメリカ合衆国アラスカ州ウナラスカ島のダッチ・ハーバーは不凍港として知られる。濃霧の発生が日常的である。サケ、マス、カニ、クジラなど、水産資源の宝庫であり、日本の北洋漁業の中心地をなしていたが、戦後の日米加の漁業条約や旧ソ連との日ソ漁業協定により、操業海域が大幅に制限された。

 ベーリング海は1648年にロシアのデジニョフらが通過したが、1728年にベーリング探検隊が海峡であることを確認したことからこの名がついた。

[鶴見英策]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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