Pelagius

Japanese: ペラギウス - ぺらぎうす(英語表記)Pelagius
Pelagius

British monk and theologian. He lived a strict monastic life in Rome around 384 and influenced many people, including Celestius. He applied for a priestly position in Carthage (Africa) just before Alaric's occupation of Rome (410), but was rejected, and became a priest in Ephesus (Palestine). His teachings, which denied original sin and emphasized human free will, were criticized by Augustine and Jerome, leading to fierce debate. He disappeared after being exiled in 418. Several works remain, including "Commentary on the Epistles of Paul."

According to him, humans have free will, capable of doing both good and evil, but grace helps us to do more easily what the will can do by itself. Augustine opposed this, saying that "free will is sufficient to turn to sin," but "to return to righteousness, grace, help, and mercy are necessary" (Nature and Grace, Chapter 23, 25), and Pelagius was dismissed as a heretic at the Council of Carthage in 416.

[Takeshi Kato December 12, 2017]

"Augustine's Works 9 & 10, Refutations of the Pelagians 1 & 2" (translated by Kaneko Haruo et al., 1979, 1985, Kyobunkan)

[References] | Augustine | Jerome | Pelagians

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

イギリスの修道士、神学者。384年ごろローマで厳しい修道生活を送り、ケレスティウスCelestiusをはじめ多くの人に影響を与えた。アラリックのローマ占領(410)の直前カルタゴ(アフリカ)で司祭の地位を求めたが拒絶され、エフェソス(パレスチナ)で司祭になった。原罪を否定し、人間の自由意志を強調する彼の教説は、アウグスティヌスやヒエロニムスの批判にあい、激しい論争を展開した。418年追放決定以来、姿を消した。『パウロ書簡注解』などいくつかの著作が残っている。

 彼によれば、人間は善をも悪をもなすことができる自由意志をもっているが、恩恵は、本来意志が独力でなしうることを、いっそう容易にできるよう助けるもの、とした。アウグスティヌスは「罪に移り行くのには自由意志決定で十分である」が、「義に立ち返るには、恩恵と援助とあわれみが必要である」(『自然と恩恵』23章25)として反対し、416年カルタゴ会議でペラギウスは異端として退けられた。

[加藤 武 2017年12月12日]

『金子晴勇他訳『アウグスティヌス著作集9・10 ペラギウス派駁論集1・2』(1979、1985・教文館)』

[参照項目] | アウグスティヌス | ヒエロニムス | ペラギウス派

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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