Iemochi Genin - Iemochi Genin

Japanese: 家持下人 - いえもちげにん

…In the case of Imazaike Village, Gamo County, Omi Province, in 1598 (Keicho 3), the total area, village land area, and number of houses are almost the same in both registers, but the number of people registered in the Nayoroshi Register is significantly smaller, only half that of the Land Survey Register. In the early Land Survey Register, many weak and small farmers were registered, including the powerful farmers of the village, the long farmers, and the common farmers, including the small families and famous children of the powerful farmers, their vassals, and their retainers. When the lord surveyed the land, the weak farmers were considered to be taxpayers on an equal basis with the powerful farmers, and in the Land Survey Register they were registered as the nokenin of the high-rent land, but in the actual production and life of the village, the weak farmers were under the protection of the powerful farmers. …

From 【Servant】

...They were strongly characterized as domestic slaves, and were physically subordinate to their masters and served them for life. The agricultural management of the masters, who practiced self-sufficiency in grain farming, was supported by the labor of the fudai genin and the corvée provided by small farmers (vassals, household servants, retired people, etc.) who were in the process of becoming independent. The origins of the fudai genin can be said to be a continuation of the servitude to masters that had existed since the Middle Ages, and an emergence as a result of human trafficking.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Ikamochi Servant" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…1598年(慶長3)の近江国蒲生郡今在家村の事例では，両帳の間で総面積，村高，屋敷数などがほぼ一致しているが，登録人数では名寄帳のそれが著しく少なく，検地帳の半数にすぎない。初期の検地帳には，村内の有力農民である長百姓（おさびやくしよう∥おとなびやくしよう）などとともに弱小で零細な小百姓（こびやくしよう），平百姓（ひらびやくしよう）などが多数登録され，その中には有力農民の血縁小家族や名子（なご），被官，家持下人なども含まれていた。領主による検地に際して，弱小農民は有力農民と並ぶ年貢負担者とされ，検地帳上では高請地（たかうけち）の名請人（なうけにん）として登録されていたが，村内における生産･生活の実態の中では弱小農民は有力農民の庇護下にあった。…

【奉公人】より

…彼らは家内奴隷的性格が強く，主家に人身的に隷属して終身奉公する。自給的穀作農業を営む主家の農業経営は，譜代下人の労働と，自立過程にある小農(被官，家持下人，隠居など)の提供する賦役（ふえき）とによって支えられていた。譜代下人の成因には，中世以来の主家への隷属を継承したものと，人身売買の結果として発生したものとがある。…

※「家持下人」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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