Beckman

German chemist. After his secondary education, he did an apprenticeship in a pharmacy, including one year studying under the famous analytical chemist KR Fresenius in Wiesbaden. At the age of 22, he entered the University of Leipzig, where he studied chemistry under AWH Kolbe, and received his doctorate in 1878. In 1879, he became an assistant at the Technical University of Braunschweig, in 1883 a lecturer at the University of Leipzig, in 1891 an assistant professor at the University of Giessen, in 1892 a professor at the University of Erlangen, and in 1897 a professor at the University of Leipzig. In 1912, he became the first director of the Institute of Chemistry of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society. In 1886, he discovered the Beckmann rearrangement, in which ketoximes are rearranged to amides in the presence of an acid catalyst. Due to the need to measure the molecular weight of the geometric isomers that arise in this research, he invented the Beckmann freezing point apparatus, and he also invented the Beckmann boiling point apparatus and the Beckmann thermometer. He also studied chlorides of sulfur and selenium, and discovered sulfur tetrachloride.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

ドイツの化学者．中等教育の後，薬局の徒弟修行をし，そのうちの1年はWiesbadenの有名な分析化学者K.R. Freseniusに師事した．22歳でライプチヒ大学に入学，A.W.H. Kolbe(コルベ)に化学を学び，1878年に学位を取得．1879年ブラウンシュバイク工科大学の助手，1883年ライプチヒ大学講師，1891年ギーセン大学助教授，1892年エルランゲン大学教授，1897年ライプチヒ大学教授に就任した．1912年カイザー・ウィルヘルム協会化学研究所の初代所長となる．1886年，酸触媒のもとにケトキシムがアミドに転位するベックマン転位を発見した．この研究で生じる幾何異性体の分子量測定の必要からベックマン凝固点測定装置を考案し，ベックマン沸点測定装置やベックマン温度計もかれの考案である．ほかに硫黄やセレンの塩化物を研究し，四塩化硫黄を発見した．

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