Gdansk

Japanese: グダンスク

A port city on the Gdansk Bay coast of the Baltic Sea in northern Poland. Its German name is Danzig. It is a center of culture, science, commerce and industry, and an important trading port for Poland and other Eastern European countries. It forms a united city with Gdynia and Sopot to the north, and is home to shipbuilding, machinery, chemicals, food and other industries. It has a large petrochemical complex and many research institutes, including the Technical University (founded in 1945). A castle was built in the 10th century, and it became part of Poland in the 12th century. It joined the Hanseatic League in 1361, and prospered from the grain trade in the Baltic Sea in the 15th to 17th centuries. It became a free city under the protection of the League of Nations in 1919, but the majority of its residents were German, which became the source of conflict between Germany and Poland and the trigger of World War II. It was annexed by Germany by Hitler in 1939. After World War II, it became part of Poland, and port facilities were developed. It is the birthplace of the Solidarity movement in 1980. 463,000 people (2011).
Related articles: Pomerania | Poland | Polish Corridor

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

ポーランド北部，バルト海のグダンスク湾岸の港湾都市。ドイツ名はダンツィヒDanzig。文化・科学・商工業の中心地で，ポーランドおよび他の東欧諸国にとって重要な貿易港。北のグディニャ，ソポトと連合都市を形成し，造船，機械，化学，食品などの工業が行われる。大規模な石油コンビナートがあり，工業大学（1945年創立）をはじめとする研究機関も多い。10世紀に城が築かれ，12世紀にポーランド領となった。1361年にハンザ同盟に加わり，15―17世紀にはバルト海の穀物貿易で繁栄した。1919年国際連盟の保護下に自由市となったが，ドイツ系住民が多数を占め，ドイツ対ポーランドの抗争の源および第２次世界大戦の引き金となった。1939年にヒトラーによりドイツに併合。第２次大戦後ポーランド領となり，港湾施設が整備された。1980年の〈連帯〉運動発祥の地。46万300人（2011）。
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