Elder - Choro

Japanese: 長老 - ちょうろう

〘Noun〙① A word used to show respect to older people. A person who is in a leadership position, has a wealth of experience and is of great wisdom and virtue. ※Shoreishu-10 (1079) Kureakiga Gangoji Sojo Daitoku 80 Poems, Preface "Who will leave behind the respectable elders, and how long will they live?" ※Bunmei-ron no Gyakuin (Outline of a Theory of Civilization) (1875)〈Fukuzawa Yukichi〉3 "It is said that the younger generation should refrain from anything and show respect to the elders." 〔Shiji - Chronicles of Emperor Wen〕② Buddhist. (I) (Free translation of sthavira) An older, great monk who excels in training, learning, and virtue among monks. Also called joza, joshu, or shuza. *Zatsudanshu (1305) 9 "A monk who forgets to eat and sleep and studies all night long, the elders advise him to attend him a little and occasionally restrain him." [Long Agama Sutra - 8] (b) A term of respect used in Zen and Ritsu sects to show respect for the abbot or priest . It is also used to refer to a high-ranking priest who has retired from the position of head priest as a title of special rank. *Shobogenzo Zuimonki (1235-38) 21 "At dawn, at four o'clock, we sit in meditation at two or three o'clock. Together with the elders, we sit at the back of the monks' hall." 3 In the early Christian church, the leader of the church was second only to the apostles. It also refers to the representative of the laity in the Presbyterian Church. *Cited with the New Testament (1880), Timata Preface, "Elders who work hard to spread the word and teach should be especially respected. "

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 年をとった人を敬っていう語。経験が豊かで知徳のすぐれた指導的な立場にある人。※性霊集‐一〇（1079）暮秋賀元興寺僧正大徳八十詩・序「誰遺尊長老、貴眉寿乎」※文明論之概略（1875）〈福沢諭吉〉三「年若き者は何事も差控て長老を敬す可しとのことなり」〔史記‐文帝本紀〕② 仏語。(イ) (sthavira の意訳) 比丘中の修行・学徳にすぐれた年長の大比丘。上座、上首、首座などともいう。※雑談集（1305）九「寝食を忘て、終夜学問する僧、少々侍し、時々制してやすめなと、長老被申し」〔長阿含経‐八〕(ロ) 禅宗や律宗で、住持、和尚(おしょう)を敬っていう言葉。また、特別の地位の称として、管長を退いた高僧にいう例がある。※正法眼蔵随聞記（1235‐38）二一「暁は四更の二点三点よりをきて坐禅す。長老ともに僧堂裏に坐す」③ 初期キリスト教会で、使徒につぐ教会の指導者。また、長老教会における信徒代表をいう。※引照新約全書（1880）提摩太前書「言を伝へ教をなして労する長老(チャウロウ)を殊に尊むべし」

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