Music

Japanese: musique
Music

…However, the concept of music in the West has undergone some changes. The common origin of the words music in English, Musik in German, musique in French, and musica in Italian is the Greek mousikē, which originally meant the arts administered by the goddesses known as the Muses (Muses in English), and included not only the art of music in the narrow sense, but also the art of poetry as something recited, dance, and other time arts unified by rhythm. This comprehensive concept of music collapsed in the Middle Ages in Europe, and instead was replaced by the concept of music as a speculative science positioned in the septem artes liberales, and the concept of practical music that actually resonates on the premise of performance. The latter gradually evolved into a sophisticated sound structure that includes rhythm theory, pitch theory, and other theories as polyphonic music developed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "musique" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかし,西欧の〈音楽〉に関する概念にもそれなりの変遷があった。英語のミュージックmusic,ドイツ語のムジークMusik,フランス語のミュジックmusique,イタリア語のムージカmusicaなどの語の共通の語源とされるのは,ギリシア語の〈ムシケmousikē〉であるが,それはそもそも〈ムーサMousa〉(英語でミューズMuse)として知られる女神たちのつかさどる技芸を意味し,その中には狭義の音芸術のほか,朗誦されるものとしての詩の芸術,舞踊など,リズムによって統合される各種の時間芸術が包含されていた。このように包括的な〈音楽〉の概念は,ヨーロッパ中世においては崩壊し,それに代わって思弁的な学として〈自由七科septem artes liberales〉の中に位置づけられる〈音楽〉と演奏行為を前提として実際に鳴り響く実践的な〈音楽〉の概念が生まれたが,後者は中世からルネサンスにかけてのポリフォニー音楽の発展につれて,しだいにリズム理論,音程理論などを内部に含む精緻な音の構築物へと進化した。…

※「musique」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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