A general term for the Karen language-speaking ethnic groups that live in the Ayeyarwady River basin of Myanmar (formerly Burma) and in western Thailand. The population is estimated at about 2.9 million. The majority of the White Karen are divided into the Sgaw Karen and the Paw Karen, but there are also the Red Karen (which includes the Bure, Padaung, Inbaw, and Zayin groups). They practice slash-and-burn rice cultivation and wet-rice farming. They adorn their bodies with tattoos, bracelets, collars, and ankle rings, use crossbows and poisoned arrows as weapons, and have bronze drums as sacred objects. They lack clan structures, and the power of elders is strong. Most are Buddhists, but there are also Christians, and some also value animism. After World War II, the Karen formed the Karen National Union and launched a rebellion to establish an autonomous state, but in June 1954 they reconciled with the Burmese government and Kayin State was recognized as an autonomous state. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ミャンマー (旧ビルマ) のエイヤーワディ川流域からタイ西部にかけて居住し,カレン諸語を話す諸民族の総称。人口約 290万と推定される。最も多い白カレンはスゴー・カレンとポー・カレンとに大別されるが,ほかに赤カレン (ブレ,パダウン,インバウ,ザエインの各集団を含む) がいる。焼畑による稲作と水稲耕作を営む。入墨,腕輪,首輪,足輪などで身体装飾をし,弩 (いしゆみ) ,毒矢を武器とし,聖物として銅鼓をもつ。氏族組織を欠き,年長者の権力が強い。宗教は仏教徒が多いが,キリスト教徒もみられ,さらに一部にはアニミズムも重んじられる。第2次世界大戦後はカレン民族同盟を結成して自治国建設のための反乱を起すなどの動きをみせたが,1954年6月ビルマ政府と和解,自治権をもつ州としてカイン州が認められた。
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