Prestressed concrete

Japanese: プレストレストコンクリート(英語表記)prestressed concrete
Prestressed concrete
Also called PS concrete, PC, and steel string concrete. A type of reinforced concrete structure. Concrete has the disadvantage of having an extremely low tensile strength, so high-tensile steel (PC steel wire) is passed through the parts that will be subjected to tensile stress in advance, and by tensioning the steel, a compressive force (prestress) is applied to the concrete in advance, increasing the tensile strength of the concrete. Even when subjected to a load, the strength is only as strong as the compressive force applied, and it has the advantage of being less likely to crack, so it is used in large-scale structures such as bridges, bridge girders, and large-span beams. There are two methods for applying compressive force to concrete. (1) Pretensioning method A method in which pre-tensioned PC steel wires are driven into the concrete, and after it has fully hardened, the tension of the PC steel wires is released, and prestress is applied to the concrete by adhesion. This method is used for railroad ties, staircase treads, decorative louvers, etc. (2) Posttensioning method A method in which a penetration pipe (sheath) for PC steel wires is driven into the concrete, and after it has fully hardened, the PC steel wires are tensioned through the concrete, and the reaction force prestresses the concrete.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
PSコンクリート,PC,鋼弦コンクリートともいう。鉄筋コンクリート構造の一種。コンクリートは引張り強度が極端に小さいという欠点があるため,引張り応力を受ける部分にあらかじめ高張力鋼 (PC鋼線) を通しておき,これを緊張させることによってコンクリートにあらかじめ圧縮力 (プレストレス) を与え,引張り強度を増加させたコンクリート。荷重を受けても圧縮力を与えた分だけ強度が発揮され,ひび割れが生じにくい利点があり,橋梁,橋桁,大スパンの梁など,大規模な構造物に用いられる。コンクリートに圧縮力を与える方法として次の2つがある。 (1) プレテンション工法 あらかじめ緊張させてある PC鋼線をコンクリートに打込み,十分硬化したのち,PC鋼線の緊張をゆるめて,付着によってコンクリートにプレストレスを与える方法。線路の枕木,階段の踏み板,化粧ルーバーなどに適用される。 (2) ポストテンション工法  PC鋼線用貫通管 (シース) をコンクリート内に打込み,十分硬化したのち PC鋼線を通して緊張させ,その反力でコンクリートにプレストレスを与える方法。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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