(1) In the field of engineering, reliability is the property of an object being able to perform a required function for a specified period of time under given conditions (as defined by the JIS), and its probability expression is reliability (both are called reliability in English). A machine with a reliability of 90% means that one in 10 machines will fail. This applies not only to objects, but also to entire systems including software and humans. (2) A statistical term. One method of estimating a parameter θ from measured values x 1 , x 2 , ..., x(/n) is to calculate two values θ 1 and θ 2 (called confidence limits) from the measured values, so that the probability that the true value θ is in the interval between θ 1 and θ 2 (called the confidence interval) is α%. This α is called the reliability, confidence coefficient, or confidence rate (in English, confidence, confidence coefficient), and is set to 90%, 95%, 99%, etc. Finding θ 1 and θ 2 for a given α is called interval estimation, and the higher α is, the larger the confidence interval will be. → Related topic: Inferential statistics Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
(1)工学の分野では〈対象が与えられた条件で,規定の期間中,要求された機能を果たすことが出来る性質〉(JISによる定義)を信頼性といい,それを確率で表現したものを信頼度という(どちらも英語ではreliability)。機械の信頼度が90%ということは10台のうち1台は故障することを意味する。物ばかりではなく,ソフトウェアや人間も含めたシステム全体にも適用される。(2)統計学用語。測定値x1,x2,…,x(/n)から母数θを推定する一方法として,測定値から二つの値θ1,θ2(信頼限界という)を計算し,真の値θがθ1〜θ2の区間(信頼区間という)にある確率がα%になるようにする。このαを信頼度,信頼係数,信頼率(英語ではconfidence,confidence coefficient)などといい,90%,95%,99%などにとる。与えられたαに対しθ1,θ2を求めることを区間推定といい,αを高くすれば信頼区間も大きくなる。 →関連項目推測統計学 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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