1854‐1932 Scottish urban planner and social economist. One of the founders of modern urban theory. Born in Ballater, Aberdeenshire. After studying biology under TH Huxley, he initially taught botany and sociology at universities in England and India. Around 1878-79, he became acquainted with French economist PGF Le Play, and developed a new theory of urban planning that incorporated Darwin's theory of evolution, ecology, geography, and other theories into Le Play's socioeconomics. He considered planning to be a branch of social science that sought to clarify the organic relationships between cities, countryside (farming villages), and industrial areas within a regional framework, and advocated and implemented scientific, comprehensive regional surveys and their analysis prior to planning. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1854‐1932 スコットランド出身の都市計画家,社会経済学者。近代都市論の創始者の一人。西アバディーンシャーのバラター生れ。T.H.ハクスリーのもとで生物学を学んだ後,初めはイギリスやインドの大学で植物学や社会学を講じた。1878‐79年ころにフランスの経済学者P.G.F.ル・プレーを知り,その社会経済学を中心にダーウィンの進化論,さらに生態学,地理学等を採り入れて新しい都市計画理論を展開する。計画とは都市と田園(農村),工業地域の3者間の有機的な関係を地域の枠組の中で解明するための社会科学の一領域であるととらえ,計画立案に先立つ科学的で総合的な地域調査とその分析を提唱,実践した。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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