A large amount of silica contained in plants of the Gramineae family is accumulated in the cells. It is also called phytolith or phytolith. Cellular phytoliths, especially in leaf blades, have a specific shape and size depending on the species, and archaeological research is taking advantage of this to identify plant opals in the soil of ruins and in the clay of pottery, in order to find the origins of agriculture. Rice plant opals have been found in pottery from the beginning of the final Jomon period in Kumamoto Prefecture. It is also effective in detecting the remains of rice paddies, and at the Inakadate ruins in Minamitsugaru County, Aomori Prefecture, the site of a rice paddy estimated from drilling data before excavation was actually found during the excavation. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
イネ科植物などに含まれる多量のケイ酸が細胞に集積したもの。植物ケイ酸体,植物タンパク石ともいう。とくに葉身にある細胞ケイ酸体は,種により特有の形と大きさを示し,考古学などではこれを利用し,遺跡の土壌や土器の胎土中のプラント・オパールの同定により,農耕の起源に迫ろうとする研究が進められている。熊本県の縄文時代晩期初めの土器からは,イネのプラント・オパールが検出されている。水田遺構の検出にも有効で,青森県南津軽郡田舎館(いなかだて)遺跡では,発掘前のボーリング資料から推定された水田址が,実際の発掘で検出された。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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