On April 1, 1945 (Showa 20), towards the end of World War II, the Japanese ship Awa Maru (11,000 tons), whose safety had been guaranteed by the Allied powers, was sunk without warning by an American submarine. After transporting relief supplies to Allied prisoners of war and internees in the southern territories, the Awa Maru set out on its return journey with over 2,000 passengers and crew, but was attacked by the American submarine Queenfish in the Taiwan Strait, and all crew members were killed, with only one crew member being rescued. This shipment of relief supplies was at the request of the US government, and since the Allies had given it a "safe harbor ticket" and guaranteed safety on both the outward and return journeys, the US had no choice but to acknowledge its responsibility and promised to consider the issue of reparations after the end of the war. However, in April 1949, when a Diet resolution was passed in response to a proposal by Conservative Party members to waive the right to claim reparations, the Yoshida Shigeru cabinet, thanking the US for the direct and indirect "aid" it had received during the occupation, concluded an agreement with the US and waived all rights to claim. [Yamada Takao] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
第二次世界大戦末期の1945年(昭和20)4月1日、連合国側に安全を保障されていた日本船阿波丸(1万1000トン)が、アメリカの潜水艦に無警告で撃沈された事件。南方諸地域の連合国側の捕虜、抑留者への救恤(きゅうじゅつ)品輸送を果たした阿波丸は、2000人を超える乗客および乗組員を乗せて帰途についたが、台湾海峡でアメリカ潜水艦クィーンフィッシュ号に攻撃され、乗組員1名が救助されただけで、そのほか全員が死亡した。 この救恤品輸送は、アメリカ政府からの要請に基づくもので、連合国から「安導券」を与えられ、往復とも安全を保障されていただけに、アメリカ側もその責任を認めざるをえず、戦争終結後の賠償問題の検討を約束した。ところが、1949年4月、保守党議員の提案による賠償請求権放棄の国会決議がなされると、当時の吉田茂内閣は、占領下におけるアメリカからの直接間接の「援助」に感謝するとして、アメリカと協定を結び、いっさいの請求権を放棄してしまった。 [山田敬男] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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