A historic city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It is located between the James and York rivers, about 70 km east-southeast of Richmond. It was called Middle Plantation until 1698. In the 18th century, it was a small city with a population of less than 2,000, but it was more important than any other city as the political and cultural center of the British colony and as the stage for the independence movement. It was the state capital from 1699 to 1780, but the state office was then moved to Richmond. In 1926, with the assistance of J.D. Rockefeller, the town was restored to its colonial form, and the entire town now looks like a history museum. It is home to the College of William and Mary (founded in 1693), the second oldest university in the country after Harvard University, and is the alma mater of such presidents as T. Jefferson and J. Monroe. Population 11,530 (1990). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
アメリカ合衆国,バージニア州南東部にある歴史的都市。ジェームズ,ヨーク両川にはさまれた地帯にあり,リッチモンドの東南東約 70kmに位置する。 1698年まではミドルプランテーションと呼ばれた。 18世紀には人口 2000人足らずの小都市であったが,イギリス植民地の政治,文化の中心地として,また独立運動の舞台として,他のいかなる都市よりも重要であった。 1699年から 1780年まで州都であったが,その後州庁はリッチモンドに移された。 1926年 J.D.ロックフェラーの援助により,植民地時代の町の復元をはかり,町全体が歴史博物館の観を呈している。同国でハーバード大学に次いで古いウィリアム・アンド・メアリー・カレッジ (1693創立) があり,T.ジェファーソン,J.モンローなどの大統領の出身校。人口1万 1530 (1990) 。
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