Wicksteed - Philip Henry Wicksteed

British economist. Born in Leeds. After graduating from University College, London, he succeeded his father in the clergy and later became a leader of the Unitarian movement, but after 1897 he devoted himself to writing. His interest in economics was stimulated by Henry George's Progress and Poverty (1879), and in his first book on economics, The Alphabet of Economic Science (1888), he attempted to explain the theory of marginal utility (he was the first to use the term in England; Jevons called it final utility), as he was said to be a follower of Jevons. His achievement as a first-class economist was An Essay on the Co-ordination of the Laws of Distribution (1894), which marked the beginning of the integration of theories of production and distribution based on the marginal productivity theory, which was later perfected by Wicksell. Furthermore, his magnum opus, The Common Sense of Political Economy (1910), is a difficult book that could also be translated as "common understanding of economics," but it is arguably the greatest book of economic philosophy in the modern school of economics.

[Shimazu Ryoji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イギリスの経済学者。リーズに生まれる。ロンドンのユニバーシティ・カレッジ卒業後、父の聖職を継ぎ、のちにユニテリアン派の指導者となったが、1897年以後著述に専念した。経済学への関心はヘンリー・ジョージの『進歩と貧困』Progress and Poverty（1879）によって誘発され、彼の最初の経済学の著書『経済学入門』The Alphabet of Economic Science（1888）では、彼がジェボンズの追随者といわれたように、限界効用（彼がイギリスでこのことばを最初に使った。ジェボンズは最終効用とよんでいた）学説の解説を試みた。彼の第一級の経済学者としての業績は『分配の諸法則の統合』An Essay on the Co-ordination of the Laws of Distribution（1894）であり、これがのちにウィクセルによって完成された限界生産力説による生産・分配両理論の統合の端緒となる。また、彼の大著『経済学の常識』The Common Sense of Political Economy（1910）は「経済学の共通認識」とも訳すべき難解の書であるが、近代経済学派の最高の経済哲学書であろう。

［島津亮二］

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