Mount Putuo - Mount Fuda

An island in the southeastern part of the Zhoushan Archipelago, located in the northeast sea of ​​Zhejiang Province, China. It belongs to Putuo County and is also called Mount Putuo Luoga. It has an area of ​​12.5 square kilometers, and its highest point is the 291-meter-high Baihua Peak. It is one of the four major holy sites of Chinese Buddhism, along with Mount Wutai, Mount Emei, and Mount Jiuhua. In 858 during the Tang Dynasty, the Japanese monk Egaku dedicated a statue of Kannon to the Fugenkyo Kannon Temple. Later, the temple came to be called Putuo because the Avatamsaka Sutra states that the boy Zenzai worshiped Kannon at Putuo Luoga. In 1080 during the Northern Song Dynasty, the temple's hall was renovated and the emperor bestowed the name Hoda Kannon Temple on the temple. It was originally a Vinaya temple, but was converted to a Zen temple in 1131. In 1299 (Shoan 1) during the Yuan Dynasty, a monk from Mount Putuo, Issan Ichinei, was dispatched to Japan and, gaining the patronage of the regent Hojo Sadatoki, settled in Japan and became the third abbot of Nanzenji Temple, exerting a great influence on the Buddhist world in Japan. The island is home to temples such as Puzai Temple, Fayu Temple, Bandaan, and Reisekian, as well as scenic spots such as Senposha, Chaoyin Cave, and Bonon Cave.

[Kazuo Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、浙江(せっこう)省の北東海上にある舟山(しゅうざん)群島南東部の島。普陀県に属し補陀落伽(ふだらくきゃ)山ともいう。面積12.5平方キロメートル、最高点は白華頂(はっかちょう)で291メートル。五台山、峨眉(がび)山、九華(きゅうか)山と並ぶ中国仏教の四大聖地の一つである。唐代の858年、日本の僧慧鍔(えがく)が観音(かんのん)像を奉じて不肯去(ふこうきょ)観音院をつくった。のち、『華厳(けごん)経』に善財(ぜんざい)童子が普陀落伽に観音を拝するとあることから普陀とよばれるようになった。北宋(ほくそう)の1080年に殿宇(でんう)を改築し皇帝より寳陀(ほうだ)観音寺の額を賜った。もと律寺であったが、1131年に禅寺に改められた。元の1299年（正安1）、普陀山の僧一山一寧(いっさんいちねい)が日本に派遣され、執権北条貞時(さだとき)の帰依(きえ)を得て日本に居住し南禅寺(なんぜんじ)第3世となり、わが国の仏教界に大きな影響を与えた。島内には普済寺、法雨寺、盤陀庵(ばんだあん)、霊石庵(れいせきあん)などの寺院や千歩沙(せんぽさ)、潮音洞、梵音洞(ぼんおんどう)などの名勝がある。

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