Magistrate of Public Works - Fushinbugyo

This was a position that had been seen on the side of samurai since ancient times, such as in the Muromachi Shogunate. In the Edo Shogunate, it was called the Shita Sanbugyo together with the two magistrates for construction and minor construction. Initially, it was a temporary position, but in 1652 (Shoo 1), it became a fixed position. There were a fixed number of two people (senior councilor, Fuyou no Ma, Shodaifu, 2000 kokudaka), and subordinates included the Shitabugyo of the Construction Department, the Aratameyaku of the Construction Department, the Construction Department, the Doshin of the Construction Department, and the Jyogoya Gatekeeper of the Construction Department. In addition to being responsible for castle stone walls, moat construction, topography, territorial layout, and house divisions, from 1768 (Meiwa 5) their duties included the Waterworks Department and Road Department. In 1862 (Bunkyu 2), the magistrate position was abolished and reduced to a Kinjinami rank.

[Kitahara Akio]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

室町幕府など古くから武家方にみえる職名。江戸幕府では作事(さくじ)、小普請(こぶしん)両奉行とあわせて下(した)三奉行という。当初は臨時役であったが、1652年（承応1）から定役となる。定数2人（老中支配、芙蓉間(ふようのま)、諸大夫(しょだいふ)、2000石高）、属僚に普請方下奉行、普請方改役(あらためやく)、普請方、普請方同心、普請方定小屋門番人があり、城の石垣、堀普請、地形(じぎょう)、縄張(なわばり)、屋敷割などに加え、1768年（明和5）以降は上水(じょうすい)方、道(みち)方を職掌とした。1862年（文久2）廃止され、奉行は勤仕並(きんじなみ)となった。

［北原章男］

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