Outline of the Japan Reform Bill - Nihon Kaizo Hoantaiko

This is a programmatic work written by Kita Ikki in August 1919 (Taisho 8). It had a huge impact on the nationalist movement in the early Showa period. Its contents are divided into three parts: (1) coup d'état by the Emperor's sovereignty and the destruction of state institutions, (2) the organization of a new governing body and the proposal of national socialist policies, and (3) the construction of a great empire that would rule a vast area. At first glance, it contains radical claims such as the abolition of the Privy Council, the House of Peers, and the peerage system, the nationalization of the Emperor's property, the restriction of private property and land, and the nationalization of excesses, but it also contains some backward ideas compared to the slogans of European fascism, such as excluding women from universal suffrage and claiming that tenant farmers were "divine will." However, it states that countries with less territory have the right to invade countries with more, and its program for creating a great empire stretching from Siberia to Southeast Asia and Australia is a banditry of logic that would put Hitler to shame. It was originally distributed under the title "Outline of Principles for Reforming the Nation," but it was banned for violating the Publishing Law. After that, Nishida Mitsugi, who was given the publishing rights from Kita, published the book with many words redacted, and also distributed a pamphlet version with the redacted words filled in to young officers, making it the ultimate textbook for the right-wing movement in Japan.

[Tatsuzo Ohno]

"Kita Ikki Collected Works, Volumes 2 and 3" (1972, Misuzu Shobo)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1919年（大正8）8月、北一輝(きたいっき)が書いた綱領的著作。昭和初期の国家主義運動に巨大な影響を与えた。内容的に、〔1〕天皇大権によるクーデターと国家機関の破壊、〔2〕新しい統治機構の組織と国家社会主義的政策の提起、〔3〕広大な地域を支配する大帝国の建設、の三つの部分に分かれる。枢密院・貴族院・華族制の廃止、天皇財産の国有化、私有財産・私有地の制限と超過分の国有化など一見すると急進的な主張があるが、普通選挙権から婦人を除外、小作の存在を「神意」とするなど、ヨーロッパ・ファシズムのスローガンと比較すると後れた思想もみられる。しかし、領土の少ない国は多い国を侵略する権利があるとし、シベリアから東南アジア、オーストラリアに至る大帝国をつくるプログラムは、ヒトラー顔負けの強盗的論理といえる。最初は「国家改造案原理大綱」のタイトルで頒布されたが、出版法違反で発禁となり、以後北から版権を譲られた西田税(みつぎ)が、伏せ字だらけの発刊をする一方、伏せ字を埋めたパンフレット版を青年将校に配布するなどして、日本右翼運動最高の教典となった。

［大野達三］

『『北一輝著作集　2、3巻』（1972・みすず書房）』

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