Impact loan

Japanese: インパクト・ローン(英語表記)impact loan
Impact loan
Originally, it meant a loan necessary for importing materials, etc., in addition to a loan (project loan) required for the implementation of a specific development project. However, in Japan, it refers to a foreign currency loan with no (or loose) restrictions on use that private companies (business companies, trading companies, securities companies, etc.) borrow from Japanese exchange banks or foreign banks, and is usually contrasted with a foreign currency loan (tied loan) whose use is limited to the purchase of specific goods and services, etc. Impact loans taken out by Japanese companies have shown a sharp increase since the revision of the Foreign Exchange Act (Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Act) that came into effect in December 1980, which significantly relaxed the previous restrictions.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
本来の意味としては,特定の開発プロジェクトの実施に必要な借款(プロジェクト・ローン)に付随して,追加的に資材の輸入等に必要となる借款をいう。しかし日本では,民間企業(事業会社,商社,証券会社など)が日本の為替銀行や外国の銀行から借り入れる使途制限のない(あるいは緩やかな)外貨借款をいい,通常,使途が特定の財・サービスの購入などに限られる外貨借款(タイド・ローンtied loan)に対比される。日本の企業によるインパクト・ローンの借入れは,1980年12月に発効した外為法(外国為替及び外国貿易管理法)の改正によって,それまでの規制が大幅に緩和され,以降急増を示している。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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