Inverter - Inverter (English spelling)

Japanese: インバーター - いんばーたー(英語表記)inverter
Inverter - Inverter (English spelling)

A device that converts direct current (electric current) to alternating current (electric current). Electricity in general use is divided into two types: direct current, in which the current and voltage are always constant, and alternating current, in which the current and voltage change in sine wave form. When converting between these two types of electricity, the device that converts AC to DC is called a rectifier (or forward converter), and the device that converts DC to AC is called an inverter (or reverse converter). In the past, inverters were constructed using mercury rectifiers (called mercury rectifier types), but since around 1980, power semiconductor elements (power devices) such as thyristors, power MOSFETs (MOSFET stands for Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors), Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), Gate Turn-off Thyristors (GTOs), and triacs, which are easy to operate, maintain, and inspect, and highly reliable, have been used. There are various types of inverters depending on the control method, circuit configuration, purpose of use, etc., and they are used in many areas, such as constant voltage constant frequency power supplies, uninterruptible power supplies, and variable frequency power supplies.

[Naoyuki Uchida]

[Reference] | Thyristor | Mercury rectifier | Triac

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

直流(電流)を交流(電流)に変換する装置。一般に使用される電気は、電流、電圧がつねに一定の大きさをもつ直流と、その大きさが正弦波で変化する交流とがある。この直流と交流の2種の電気を交互に変換する場合、交流から直流にする装置を整流器(あるいは順変換器、コンバーター)といい、直流から交流にする装置をインバーター(あるいは逆変換器)という。インバーターは古くは水銀整流器を利用して構成されていたが(これを水銀整流器型という)、1980年ごろから運転、保守、点検などが容易で、信頼度の高いサイリスタ、パワーMOSFET(Power MOSFET。MOSFET=金属酸化膜半導体電界効果トランジスタMetal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistorの略)、絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタInsulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT)、ゲートターンオフサイリスタGate Turn-off Thyristor(GTO)、トライアックなどの電力用半導体素子(パワーデバイス)が利用されている。インバーターは、制御方法、回路構成、使用目的などによって種々の方法があり、定電圧定周波電源、無停電電源、可変周波電源など、多方面に利用されている。

[内田直之]

[参照項目] | サイリスタ | 水銀整流器 | トライアック

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Impatiens - Impatiens

>>:  Impact loan

Recommend

Tropical rain forest

…It is considered essential to strengthen coopera...

Greek valerian

... There are more than 20 species of Polemonium ...

Kansai

...Typical fish species include herring, pollock,...

Magnetic Thermometer - Jiseiondokei

A thermometer that utilizes the property that the ...

Masako Okumura

...Blind. After becoming a disciple of Asai Chizu...

Peroxidase reaction

A special cytochemical staining method used to cla...

Foam stabilizer - Foam stabilizer

…Egg white, saponin, and gelatin are used as foam...

Fields, JC (English spelling) FieldsJC

...also called the Nobel Prize of mathematics, it...

Kamikatsu [town] - Kamikatsu

A town in Katsuura County in central Tokushima Pre...

Unpenji Temple

A temple in Miyoshi City, Tokushima Prefecture. Om...

Parentage test - Oyakokanbetsu

Also called paternity testing. Determining whether...

Kazimierz Code - Kazimierz Code

...This period also saw the replacement of old an...

Peasant traffic - Hyakushoourai

A type of correspondence. A basic textbook compile...

Alsace wine - Alsace wine

...Aerial photographs show the plain's agricu...

Nagasaki Magistrate - Nagasaki Daikan

In early modern times, this local official had jur...