In 1898, British and French forces clashed in Fashoda (now Kodok, Republic of South Sudan) in southeastern Sudan. At the end of the 19th century, the division of Africa by European powers intensified, and Britain occupied Sudan and pursued a north-south transcontinental policy linking Cairo and Cape Town. Meanwhile, France, which had gained control of most of West Africa, adopted a transcontinental policy through Djibouti on the east coast of Africa, and dispatched General Marchand. In 1898, he reached Fashoda and confronted General Kitchener of the British army, who rushed to the scene after hearing the news. The British army asked for the withdrawal of French troops, but this was not accepted, and the situation eventually developed into a diplomatic issue between the two countries, almost to the brink of war. However, with France's concessions, Marchand withdrew, and the following year, in 1899, Sudan came under joint rule by Britain and Egypt, and France acquired the Lake Chad area. This incident is considered to be the final climax of the division of Africa by the European powers. [Sumio Aoki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1898年、スーダン南東部のファショダ(現、南スーダン共和国コドクKodok)で、イギリス、フランス両勢力が衝突した事件。19世紀末、ヨーロッパ列強によるアフリカ分割が激化し、イギリスはスーダンを占領、カイロとケープ・タウンを結ぶ南北縦断政策を進めた。一方、西アフリカの大半を手中にしたフランスは、アフリカ東岸のジブチへ抜ける大陸横断政策をとり、マルシャン将軍を派遣した。1898年彼はファショダに到達し、急を聞いて駆けつけたイギリス軍のキッチナー将軍と対峙(たいじ)した。イギリス軍はフランス軍の撤退を求めたが受け入れられず、結局両国の外交問題に発展、あわや開戦という瀬戸際まで追い込まれた。しかし、フランスの譲歩でマルシャンは撤退し、翌1899年スーダンはイギリスとエジプトの共同統治となり、フランスはチャド湖一帯を獲得した。この事件はヨーロッパ列強によるアフリカ分割の最後の頂点となった事件とされる。 [青木澄夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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