Hijra (English spelling)

Japanese: ヒジュラ(英語表記)Hijra
Hijra (English spelling)
Also called the Hijra, it generally refers to the migration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions to Medina in 622. Muhammad had been engaged in missionary work in his hometown of Mecca, but persecution became more severe after the death of his protector Abu Talib, and he considered migrating to a place other than Mecca. At that time, Medina was looking for a mediator in its civil war, and decided to welcome Muhammad as a mediator, and over 70 of Muhammad's companions were able to migrate there. After the Hijra, Muhammad unified Medina society as a Muslim society, conquered Mecca and the neighboring Arabs and Jews, and established an Islamic state. Since the Hijra was the catalyst for the development of Islam, the year of the Hijra was later made the beginning of the Islamic calendar. This Islamic calendar is also called the Hijra calendar. The people who migrated with Muhammad were called Muhajiroun, which became a kind of honorary title. The term Hijra also refers to the migration to Medina after Muhammad's Hijra, and the migration to military cities (→Misr) in various regions during the later period of great conquest. There are also many subsequent migrations of human groups associated with Muhammad's Hijra.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ヘジラともいい,一般にはイスラムの預言者ムハンマドと彼の教友たちの 622年のメジナへの移住をいう。ムハンマドは生れ故郷メッカで伝道活動に従事していたが,保護者アブー・ターリブの死で迫害が一層きびしくなったため,メッカ以外の地に移住することを考えていた。その頃内戦の調停者を求めていたメジナはムハンマドを調停者として迎えることに決め,ムハンマドの教友七十余名の移住が実現した。ヒジュラ後,ムハンマドはメジナ社会をイスラム教徒の社会として統合し,メッカをはじめ近隣のアラブやユダヤ教徒を征服してイスラム教団国家を建設した。イスラムの発展の契機となったのはこのヒジュラであったため,のちにヒジュラの年をイスラム暦の紀元とした。このイスラム暦をヒジュラ暦ともいう。ムハンマドとともに移住した人々はムハージルーンと呼ばれ,一種の名誉ある称号となった。ムハンマドのヒジュラ後にメジナに移住することや,のちの大征服時代に各地の軍事都市 (→ミスル ) に移住することもヒジュラといった。またその後ムハンマドのヒジュラにちなんだ人間集団の移住もしばしばみられる。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Hijri Calendar - Hijri Calendar

>>:  Biš balïq - Biš balïq (English spelling)

Recommend

Lankavatāra Sutra

One of the Mahayana scriptures that was establish...

Armistice Agreement - Armistice Agreement

...However, for individual violations, only punis...

Cytosine

...In DNA, the sugar moiety is 2-deoxy-D-ribose, ...

Rashid (English spelling)

Also known as Rosetta. A city in the Buhaira Gover...

Rock surface creation - Ganmenzosei

...(3) Rocky coastal cleaning: In some cases, the...

Business combination

〘 noun 〙 The integration of companies in the same ...

Patriotic Alliance

In December 1925, Primo de Rivera formed a civili...

Kaiping Coal Mine

…At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was a rural t...

Kosmas Indikopleustēs

A merchant from Alexandria in the 6th century. Dat...

Morita Kanya (Morita Kanya)

Head of the Morita Theatre, head tayumoto and kabu...

Muraoka [town] - Muraoka

A former town in Mikata County in northern Hyogo P...

Ural Economic Region

...The Urals are rich in copper, magnesite, titan...

Assyriac Journal - Assyria

…Akkadian is a Semitic language very close to Ass...

Kikuko

…Shun is winter. Cod milt is also called chrysant...

Totonaka culture

The ancient Totonaca culture developed in the cent...