Blackthroat seaperch

Japanese: アカムツ - あかむつ(英語表記)blackthroat seaperch
Blackthroat seaperch

This marine fish belongs to the order Perciformes of the class Osteichthyes and the family Cuniculidae. In 1984, the classification of the family was changed from Perciformes to Cuniculidae. It is found in the Pacific Ocean from Hokkaido, and in the Sea of ​​Japan from south of Aomori Prefecture to the southern coast of Kyushu, the East China Sea, the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula, the Shandong Peninsula, Taiwan, the Philippine Islands, Indonesia, and the northwest coast of Australia. The body is long and oval with laterally compressed eyes. The eyes and mouth are large, and the eye diameter is greater than the snout length. The rear end of the upper jaw reaches below the center of the eye, and the lower jaw protrudes slightly beyond the upper jaw. The scales are large comb scales that peel off easily. There is a deep notch at the boundary between the dorsal fin spine and the soft ray. The spines on the dorsal fin and anal fin are thin and weak. The pectoral fins are long, with the tips reaching the beginning of the anal fin, but the pelvic fins are short. The body is red, with a white ventral area. The edge of the dorsal fin spine and the rear end of the caudal fin are black. The inside of the mouth is black, so it is also called blackthroat seaperch. It lives on the continental shelf and its slopes at depths of 60 to 600 meters, with small fish of about 10 cm living at about 100 meters, and large fish of over 20 cm living at depths of 200 meters or more. It preys on small fish, large crustaceans, squids, etc. Females mature in 4 years, and males in 3 years. They spawn around rocks deeper than the continental shelf from July to October, and it is believed that most males die after spawning. There are fewer females than males until the fish reach one year of age, but the situation reverses from two years of age, with females accounting for 80% of the population in the third year and about 98% in the fourth year. They grow to about 10cm in one year, 20-23cm in three years, and 27-31cm in five years, with females growing faster than males. They can reach a maximum total length of 40cm. Small fish are caught in large quantities in the San'in region in winter using bottom trawls. The white meat is delicious when stewed, pounded, or grilled. Large fish are a luxury item, but the price of small fish is also rising.

[Masao Katayama and Kunio Amano, June 23, 2020]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

硬骨魚綱スズキ目ホタルジャコ科に属する海水魚。1984年、科の分類がスズキ科からホタルジャコ科に変更された。太平洋側では北海道から、日本海側では青森県以南から九州南岸まで、東シナ海、朝鮮半島南岸、山東(さんとう)半島、台湾、フィリピン諸島、インドネシア、オーストラリア北西岸に分布する。体は長卵形で側扁(そくへん)する。目と口が大きく、眼径は吻長(ふんちょう)より大きい。上顎(じょうがく)の後端は目の中央部下に達し、下顎は上顎よりもわずかに突出する。鱗(うろこ)は大きい櫛鱗(しつりん)で、はがれやすい。背びれ棘(きょく)部と軟条部の境に深い欠刻(切れ込み)がある。背びれと臀(しり)びれの棘は細くて弱い。胸びれは長くて、先端は臀びれの始部付近に達するが、腹びれは短い。体色は赤色で、腹方は白い。背びれ棘部の縁と尾びれの後端は黒い。口内が黒いので、別名ノドグロともよばれる。水深60~600メートルの大陸棚とその斜面にすみ、10センチメートル前後の小形魚は約100メートル付近に、20センチメートル以上の大形魚は200メートル以深にすむ。小形魚類、大形甲殻類、イカ類などを捕食する。雌は4年、雄は3年で成熟する。7~10月に大陸棚より深い岩場周辺で産卵し、多くの雄は産卵後に死ぬと考えられている。満1年魚までは雌が雄より少ないが、満2年魚から逆転し、3年目では雌が80%、4年目では98%ぐらいを占める。1年で10センチメートル前後、3年で20~23センチメートル、5年で27~31センチメートルになり、雌は雄より成長がよい。最大全長は40センチメートルに達する。小形魚は冬季に山陰地方で底引網により多量に漁獲される。肉は白身で煮つけ、たたき、焼き物などにすると美味である。大形魚は高級魚であるが、小形魚の価格も上昇してきている。

[片山正夫・尼岡邦夫 2020年6月23日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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