A perennial plant of the Iridaceae family (APG classification: Iridaceae). In spring, dagger-shaped leaves grow alternately from a short rhizome, and as the name suggests, they are fan-shaped and slightly twisted. In summer, a stem about 1 meter tall emerges from between the leaves, branches at the top, and produces several orange-yellow flowers with spots measuring 5 to 7 centimeters in diameter. The flower petals are 5 centimeters long and have six petals that open flat. After flowering, the fruit forms, and when it ripens in autumn, it splits open to reveal shiny seeds. These pitch black seeds, which remain for a long time without falling, are called ubatama (crow feather ball) and nubatama (shooting dried ball), and have become pillow words to describe black things and night. Distributed from western Japan to mainland China, it has long been planted as a garden flower, and is also popular as a cut flower. Yellow or pink flowered varieties, as well as dwarf varieties called Daruma, are cultivated as gardening products. They are planted in a sunny location with plenty of compost, and divided after about three years. [Tsuneo Torii, May 21, 2019] In July and August, the stems emerge from between the leaves and produce several spotted orange-yellow flowers. The six petals open flat. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose "> Black laurel Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アヤメ科(APG分類:アヤメ科)の多年草。春に短い根茎から短剣状の葉を互生し、名のごとく扇形になり、ややねじれる性質がある。夏、葉の間から高さ約1メートルの茎を出し、頂上で分枝し、径5~7センチメートルで斑点(はんてん)のある橙黄(とうこう)色花を数個開く。花被片(かひへん)は5センチメートル、6枚で平開する。花期後に果実を結び、秋に熟すと裂開し、光沢のある種子が現れる。長い間落ちずに残る、この真っ黒な種子をうばたま(烏羽玉)、ぬばたま(射干玉)といい、黒いものや夜を形容する枕詞(まくらことば)となった。西日本から中国大陸に分布し、昔から庭の草花として植えられ、切り花栽培も盛んである。黄色花や桃色花のもの、ダルマとよばれる矮性(わいせい)品種が園芸品として栽培される。日当りのよい場所で堆肥(たいひ)を十分施して植え付け、3年ほどで株分けする。 [鳥居恒夫 2019年5月21日] 7~8月、葉間から茎を出し、斑点のある橙黄色花を数個開く。花被片は6枚で平開する©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏"> ヒオウギ 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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