Guard/Officer - Bankatayakukata

Japanese: 番方･役方 - ばんかたやくかた

A division of the Edo shogunate and feudal domains into official positions. The military lineage was called the bankata, and the civil service lineage was called the yakugata. The bankata were standing troops whose duties included guarding the palace and castle gates, guarding the castle, and accompanying the lord when he went out. The shogunate had groups such as the Ogumiban, Shoingumiban, Koshogumiban, Shingumiban, Kojuningumi, Kachigumi, Hyakuningumi, and Sakitegumi. The organization was head clerk - group leader - guard, or head - yoriki/doshin, and there were several groups of each. In contrast, the yakugata were officials whose duties included carrying out government affairs, clerical work, and ceremonies.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸時代の幕府･諸藩の職制上の区分。武官の系統を番方，文官の系統を役方という。番方は常備軍として殿中･城門の守衛，城番，主君出行時の供奉などを職務とした。幕府には大番組，書院番組，小性組番，新番組，小十人組，徒士（かち）組，百人組，先手（さきて）組などがあった。その組織は番頭（ばんがしら）―組頭―番士，あるいは頭―与力･同心というもので，それぞれ数組ずつあった。これに対し，役方は吏僚として政務，事務あるいは典礼の遂行などを職務とした。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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