Born: October 16, 1708, Bern Died December 12, 1777. Bernese Swiss anatomist, physiologist, and poet. Known as the father of experimental physiology. Studied medicine at the universities of Tübingen and Leiden, and returned to Switzerland in 1728. While practicing medicine in Bern, he also studied anatomy. In 1736, he was invited to become a professor at the newly established University of Göttingen, where he lectured mainly on anatomy and surgery. In 1753, he returned to Switzerland and served as a government administrator. He is known for his many achievements, including the mechanism of breathing, the autonomic function of the heart, the fat-digesting function of bile, the discovery of Haller's abdominal tripod, and anatomical research on the reproductive organs, but he is particularly famous for his experimental establishment of the irritability of muscles. His main work is Elementa Physiologiae Corporis Humani (8 volumes, 1757-66). He was also a poet of the Enlightenment, whose works include the Gedichte (32), a collection of poems, and the novels Alfred (73) and Fabius und Cato (74). Haller |
[生]1708.10.16. ベルン [没]1777.12.12. ベルン スイスの解剖学者,生理学者,詩人。実験生理学の父といわれている。テュービンゲン,ライデン両大学で医学を学び,1728年帰国。ベルンで開業するかたわら,解剖学を研究。 36年新設のゲッティンゲン大学に教授として招かれ,主として解剖学,外科学を講じた。 53年帰国し,政府行政官をつとめた。呼吸の仕組み,心臓の自律的機能,胆汁の脂肪消化機能,「ハラーの腹腔三脚」の発見,生殖器の解剖学的研究など多数の業績があるが,特に有名なのは筋肉の被刺激性の実験的確立であった。主著『人体生理学原論』 Elementa Physiologiae Corporis Humani (8巻,1757~66) 。また啓蒙期の詩人で,『詩集』 Gedichte (32) ,小説『アルフレッド』 Alfred (73) ,『ファビウスとカトー』 Fabius und Cato (74) などがある。 ハラー
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