Hayashi Senjuro

Army officer and politician. Born on February 23, 1876 in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture. Graduated from the Army Academy and the Army War College, he served in the Russo-Japanese War. In 1913 (Taisho 2), he studied in Germany, and after serving in the UK, he served as the Army representative to the League of Nations, commander of the 2nd Infantry Brigade, commander of the Tokyo Bay Fortress, head of the Army War College, and commander of the Konoe Division. In 1930 (Showa 5), ​​he became commander of the Korean Army, and when the Manchurian Incident broke out, he responded to the Kwantung Army and sent troops to Manchuria on his own initiative, earning him the nickname "General Crossing the Border." In 1932, he was promoted to general and appointed Inspector General of Education and Military Councilor, and in 1934, he became Minister of War in both the cabinets of Saito Makoto and Okada Keisuke, and was supported by the control faction within the military. In 1935, he caused a problem with the dismissal of the Imperial Way faction's Superintendent General of Education, Mazaki Jinzaburo, and resigned in the Aizawa Incident. After the February 26 Incident the following year in 1936, he was placed in the reserves. After the Hirota Koki cabinet, he formed a cabinet in February 1937, but resigned within four months after the ruling party suffered a crushing defeat in a general election that was suddenly dissolved just after the budget was passed, a so-called "eat and run dissolution." In 1940, he became a Cabinet Councilor, and served in various roles including as president of the Great Japan Koa Domei (Great Japan Development Alliance). He died on February 4, 1943.

[Awaya Kentaro]

"Hayashi Senjuro's Manchurian Incident Journal" by Hayashi Senjuro (1996, Misuzu Shobo)" ▽ "Prime Minister Hayashi Senjuro" by Saeki Heizo (1937, Seikenkai)" ▽ "Hayashi Senjuro" by Kabayama Tomoyoshi (1937, Hokuto Shobo)" ▽ "The Hayashi Cabinet" by Tsukada Masao (1938, Konoe Cabinet Compilation Office)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

陸軍軍人、政治家。明治9年2月23日、石川県金沢に生まれる。陸軍士官学校、陸軍大学校を卒業し、日露戦争に従軍。1913年（大正2）ドイツに留学、以後イギリス駐在を経て、国際連盟陸軍代表、歩兵第二旅団長、東京湾要塞(ようさい)司令官、陸軍大学校長、近衛(このえ)師団長を歴任。1930年（昭和5）朝鮮軍司令官となり、満州事変勃発(ぼっぱつ)に際し、関東軍に呼応して独断で満州に出兵、「越境将軍」の異名をとった。1932年大将に進み教育総監兼軍事参議官に就任、1934年には斎藤実(さいとうまこと)・岡田啓介(おかだけいすけ)両内閣の陸相となり、軍内派閥の統制派に擁立される。1935年皇道派の真崎甚三郎(まざきじんざぶろう)教育総監罷免問題を起こし、相沢事件で辞職。翌1936年の二・二六事件後、予備役となる。広田弘毅(ひろたこうき)内閣ののち、1937年2月内閣を組織するが、予算成立直後に突然解散した、いわゆる「食い逃げ解散」の総選挙で与党が惨敗して、4か月で総辞職。1940年内閣参議となり、大日本興亜同盟総裁などを務めた。昭和18年2月4日死去。

［粟屋憲太郎］

『林銑十郎著『林銑十郎満州事件日誌』（1996・みすず書房）』▽『佐伯平造著『宰相林銑十郎』（1937・静軒会）』▽『樺山友義著『林銑十郎』（1937・北斗書房）』▽『塚田昌夫著『林内閣』（1938・近衛内閣編纂所）』

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