A dance popular in Spain and Italy in the 17th century. It gradually became stylized as a pure instrumental piece during the Baroque period. It is in slow triple time and takes the form of a variation in which a theme of 4 to 8 bars (usually in a minor key) is repeated throughout the piece. The theme is generally placed in the bass as a basso continuo, but may be moved to a higher voice during the piece. The chaconne is similar to the passacaglia, but rather than the repetition of the theme melody, it focuses on the repetition of a certain harmonic pattern that forms the basis of the melody. Passacaglias were composed mainly in Germany and France during the Baroque period. In Germany, they were often written for the organ, and J. S. Bach's work in C minor (BWV582) is particularly famous. Other examples from later periods include the final movement of Brahms' Symphony No. 4 (Op. 98, 1884-85) and Webern's work (Op. 1, 1908). [Mariko Teramoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
17世紀のスペイン、イタリアで流行した舞曲。バロック時代に純器楽曲としてしだいに様式化された。遅い三拍子で、4~8小節の主題(多くの場合短調)が全曲を通じて反復される変奏曲形式をとる。主題はおおむね固執低音(バッソ・コンティヌオ)としてバスに置かれるが、曲中で上声部に移されることもある。シャコンヌはパッサカリアに類似しているが、主題旋律の反復より、その旋律の基礎をなす一定の和声パターンの反復を中心にしている。このパッサカリアは、バロック時代にはとくにドイツとフランスを中心に作曲された。ドイツではオルガン用に書かれることが多く、なかでもJ・S・バッハのハ短調の作品(BWV582)は有名である。また、後の時代ではブラームスの交響曲第四番の最終楽章(作品98。1884~85)やウェーベルンの作品(作品1。1908)などが知られている。 [寺本まり子] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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