Passau (English spelling)

Japanese: パッサウ（英語表記）Passau

A city in Bavaria in southeastern Germany. It borders Austria and is located where the Inn and Ilz rivers join the Danube. It was originally a Celtic settlement, then a Roman military camp, and in 739 became a bishopric. In 1217, the bishop became a prince of the Holy Roman Empire, and ruled Passau until 1803, suppressing rebellions by citizens seeking autonomy. The city was destroyed by two major fires in the late 17th century, so the city's downtown is in the Baroque style, but the cathedral (1668, with one of the world's largest church organs with 17,000 pipes), which is the city's most famous building, still retains its early Gothic structure. There are also many other historical buildings, such as numerous cathedrals reflecting the various styles of the bishopric period, the Bishop's Palace (1712-30), and the Gothic-style Town Hall (1298-1389), which attract many visitors. In the Middle Ages, it was a centre for the salt trade and knife manufacturing, but nowadays, in addition to knives, manufacturing industries such as casting, gears, and optical machinery are also in operation. Population: 50,328 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ドイツ南東部，バイエルン州の都市。オーストリアに接し，イン，イルツの両河川がドナウ川に合流する地点に位置する。初めはケルト人の居住地，のちローマの軍営地となり，739年には司教座がおかれた。 1217年には司教は神聖ローマ帝国の諸侯となり，自治を求める市民の反抗を押えて 1803年までパッサウを支配した。 17世紀後半には2度の大火があったため，市街はバロック風であるが，市の建築物を代表する大聖堂 (1668年。パイプ数1万 7000の世界最大級の教会オルガンをもつ) は，初期ゴシック様式の遺構を残している。ほかに司教支配時代の各様式を反映させた数多くの聖堂，司教宮殿 (1712～30) ，ゴシック様式の市庁舎 (1298～1389) など歴史的建築物が多く，訪れる人が多い。中世は塩の取引，刃物製造の中心地であったが，現在では刃物のほか，鋳物，歯車，光学機械などの製造工業が稼働。人口5万 328 (1991推計) 。

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