A general term for textiles produced mainly in Hachioji, Tokyo. Mainly silk kimono fabrics, including crested wool omeshi and Tama-Yuki, were produced, but they switched to wool kimono fabrics and also produced miscellaneous items such as neckties and scarves. This area has been weaving cloth as a side job for farmers since the Heian period, and was known for Takiyama Tsumugi in the Kamakura period. After the Shotoku period (1711-16), the area specialized in weaving by introducing weaving techniques from advanced weaving areas such as Kiryu and Ashikaga, and a weaving group was organized, making it one of the three weaving areas in the Kanto region. From the mid- to late Edo period, the area was known for producing black Hachijo, Omejima, Uedajima, Kawanajima, Gunnaijima, Kihachijo, and Hakata obi. From the Taisho to Showa periods, the area was a major textile manufacturing center, focusing on meisen. However, with the decline in demand for kimonos, the area is now focusing on fashion and making efforts to find a way forward in the production of Western clothing fabrics. [Kadoyama Yukihiro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
東京都八王子市を中心として生産される織物の総称。とくに絹着尺地(きじゃくじ)が主体で、紋ウールお召(めし)、多摩結城(ゆうき)などが知られていたが、ウール着尺地へと転換し、このほか、ネクタイやマフラーなどの雑貨類も生産している。この地は平安時代ころから農家の副業として織布が行われ、鎌倉時代には滝山紬(つむぎ)の名で知られた。正徳(しょうとく)年間(1711~16)以後は、桐生(きりゅう)、足利(あしかが)などの先進機業地から製織技術を導入して専業化し、機屋(はたや)仲間も組織され、関東三機業地の一つとなり、江戸中期より末期にかけて、黒八丈、青梅縞(おうめじま)、上田縞、川和(かわな)縞、郡内縞、黄八丈、博多帯(はかたおび)などの生産が知られていた。大正から昭和にかけて、銘仙を中心とした大機業地であったが、現在では、着物需要の減少とともに、今後はファッションに力を入れ、洋服地生産に活路をみいだすべく努力している。 [角山幸洋] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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