Baen

A famous general who served under Emperor Guangwu and Emperor Ming of the Later Han Dynasty in China. His pen name was Wenyuan. He was from Maoling County (Shaanxi Province), Youfufeng (one of the three counties in the Western Han Dynasty's Kinai region). He first became General Suiyuan of the Weixiao army, which rebelled against the Wang Mang regime, but later joined the army of Liu Xiu (Emperor Guangwu). Later, under the Later Han government, as Governor of Longxi, he defeated the Xiqiang (35), and as General Fubo, he suppressed a rebellion by sisters Trung Xuan and Trung Ni (Trần Trac-Trần Nhi) in Gia Si (present-day Vietnam) (41), and then defeated the barbarians at Wuxi in Wuling County (48). He used force to invade border areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, but he also worked on building forts and irrigation projects, playing a major role in managing ethnic minorities in the early days of the Later Han Empire. In the early modern period, General Fubo Ma Yuan became associated with Taoism and was worshiped by the public as a heroic figure.

[Kazuyuki Tsuruma]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、後漢(ごかん)の光武帝(こうぶてい)、明帝(めいてい)の2代に仕えた名将軍。字(あざな)は文淵(ぶんえん)。右扶風(ゆうふふう)（前漢の畿内(きない)三郡の一つ）茂陵(もりょう)県（陝西(せんせい)省）の人。初め王莽(おうもう)政権に反旗を翻した隗囂(かいごう)の綏遠(すいえん)将軍となったが、のちに劉秀(りゅうしゅう)（光武帝）の軍に従った。以後、後漢政権の下で隴西(ろうせい)太守として西羌(せいきょう)を破り（35）、伏波(ふくは)将軍として交阯(こうし)（いまのベトナム）の徴側(ちょうそく)・徴貳(ちょうに)（チュン・チャク‐チュン・ニー）姉妹の反乱を抑え（41）、続いて武陵郡の五渓(ごけい)の蛮夷(ばんい)を討った（48）。彼は武力によって辺境少数民族の地域を侵略したが、一方で城郭の造営や灌漑(かんがい)事業にも努め、後漢帝国創始期の少数民族経営に大きな役割を果たした。また近世になると、道教とかかわって伏波将軍馬援が英雄的人物として民間に祀(まつ)られるようになった。

［鶴間和幸］

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