Abandoning one's previous faith, either voluntarily or by force. In this case, there are two cases: a transition to non-belief and conversion to another faith. In either case, the term is used from the perspective of one's previous faith, and contains the condemnation of betrayal. Generally, apostasy is an issue related to political and social contexts rather than being a mere personal motive. Apostates are stripped of their civil rights (Judaism, ancient religions) and are expelled from church organizations and communities (Christianity, Islam). Therefore, as separation of church and state progresses, the issue of apostasy becomes less important. In addition, since the main condition for apostasy is the competition between multiple religions, it is particularly significant in the case of monotheistic religions that are highly exclusive. [Noriaki Akaike] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
いままでの信仰を自発的あるいは強制されて捨て去ること。この場合、無信仰への移行と他の信仰への回心との二つの場合があるが、いずれにしろそれまでの信仰の立場からみた用語であり、裏切り行為としての非難の意味が含まれている。一般に背教は単なる個人的動機としてよりは政治的・社会的脈絡と関連して問題となる。背教者は市民権を剥奪(はくだつ)され(ユダヤ教、古代宗教)、教会組織や共同社会からの追放(キリスト教、イスラム教)が伴う。したがって、政教分離が進展すると背教問題は比重が軽くなる。また複数の宗教の競合が背教の主要条件となるため、排他性の濃い一神教的宗教の場合にとりわけその意味が重い。 [赤池憲昭] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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