Newark - Newark (English spelling)

Japanese: ニューアーク - にゅーあーく(英語表記)Newark
Newark - Newark (English spelling)

Newark is the largest city in the state of New Jersey, USA, located in the northeastern part of the state and facing Newark Bay. It has a population of 273,546 (2000). It is located 13 km west of New York City. It is the commercial and industrial center of the state, and is also a transportation hub with the Port of Newark and Newark Airport, which mainly handles domestic flights. Its industries include leather, which began in the 17th century, precious metals, electrical appliances, beer, medicines, and paints, and its insurance industry is the third largest in the country. The town was founded by the Puritans in 1666, and municipalization was implemented in 1836. The opening of the railroad (1834-35) and the Morris Canal (1832) led to the development of commercial and industrial industries such as insurance, shipbuilding, and precious metals. The Port of Newark opened in 1915, and shipbuilding became a star industry during World War I. The city has a long history and is home to many historical sites and ruins. The Church of the Sacred Heart (1898-1953) and Trinity Cathedral (1810) are preserved as symbols of the city, and Newark Museum (1909) and Public Library (1888) are also popular among residents.

[Kazuyo Sakuno]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカ合衆国、ニュー・ジャージー州北東部、ニューアーク湾に臨む同州最大の都市。人口27万3546(2000)。ニューヨーク市の西13キロメートルに位置する。同州の商工業の中心地であり、ニューアーク港、国内線を主とするニューアーク空港を要(かなめ)とした交通の要所でもある。工業では、17世紀に始まった皮革をはじめ、貴金属、電気器具、ビール、医薬品、塗料などが盛んで、保険業は国内第3位の実績をもつ。1666年にピューリタンの手で町が建設され、1836年に市制が施行された。鉄道(1834~35)、モリス運河(1832)の開通により、保険業や造船、貴金属などの商工業の発達をみた。1915年にはニューアーク港がオープンし、造船業は第一次世界大戦中の花形産業となった。古い歴史を有する市街には史跡、遺跡も少なくなく、セクレッド・ハート教会(1898~1953)やトリニティ聖堂(1810)が街のシンボルとして保存されており、ニューアーク博物館(1909)、公立図書館(1888)なども市民に親しまれている。

[作野和世]

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