NOAA; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Japanese: ノア（英語表記）NOAA; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

A series of practical weather satellites (→ practical satellites) operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States. This series follows the practical weather satellite ESSA, a polar orbiting meteorological satellite whose orbital plane is inclined perpendicular to the equatorial plane. The first satellite, NOAA-1, was launched on December 11, 1970. It was equipped with television cameras such as the Automatic Picture Transmitter (APT) and the High Performance Vidicon Camera System (AVCS), and a Flat Plate Radiometer (FPR). From the second satellite (launched on October 15, 1972) to the fifth satellite (launched on July 29, 1976), the satellites were equipped with the Very High Resolution Radiometer (VHRR) with a surface distance resolution of 0.9 km, which has sensitivity from the visible light range to the infrared range, as well as the Vertical Temperature Profiler (VTPR), and the amount of data increased dramatically. From No. 6 (June 27, 1979) onwards, the satellites were equipped with an improved Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), an improved VTPR (TOVS) vertical temperature profile sounder, a solar backscatter ultraviolet radiometer (SBUV), an Earth radiation balance experiment (ERBE), data collection and transmission, and systems for search and rescue. Following the tradition of the experimental meteorological satellite TIROS, the project up to No. 5, including the experimental satellites, is called ITOS/TIROS-M (→Aitos), and No. 6 and onwards are called TIROS-N/NOAA. The TIROS-N/NOAA project continued until No. 19 (February 6, 2009). Noah's observation data was used for meteorological research and weather forecasting around the world.

Noah
Noah; Noe

A character in the Old Testament. The 10th generation descendant of Adam, son of Lamech. Father of Shem, Ham, and Japheth. He was called "the righteous and upright man of his generation." When God judged the earth full of violence and wiped out the people with a flood, Noah built an ark at God's direction and escaped with his family and each pair of animals (Genesis 6-8). When the water subsided, Noah built an altar and offered a burnt offering. God blessed Noah and his children, as well as the surviving animals, and gave them a covenant, and they became the ancestors of the new human race (Genesis 9).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

アメリカ合衆国の海洋大気局 NOAAが運用する実用気象衛星シリーズ（→実用衛星）。実用気象衛星『エッサ』ESSAに続くシリーズで，軌道面の傾斜角が赤道面に対して直角な極軌道上を周回する極軌道気象衛星。1号機 NOAA-1の打ち上げは 1970年12月11日。自動送画装置 APT，高性能ビジコンカメラシステム AVCSといったテレビカメラや，平面プレート型放射計 FPRが搭載された。2号機（打ち上げ 1972.10.15.）から 5号機（同 1976.7.29.）までは，可視光線域から赤外線域にまで感度をもつ，地表面距離分解能 0.9kmの超高分解能放射計 VHRRのほかに，鉛直気温分布放射計 VTPRなどが搭載され，データ量も飛躍的に増えた。6号機（同 1979.6.27.）以降は改良型超高分解能放射計 AVHRR，および改良型 VTPRである鉛直気温分布測定サウンダ TOVSのほか，太陽光後方散乱紫外放射計 SBUVや，地球放射収支実験 ERBE，データ収集と伝送，遭難捜索救助のための各システムが搭載された。なお，実験用気象衛星『タイロス』TIROSの流れをくんで，実験用衛星を含むノア 5号機までのプロジェクトを ITOS/TIROS-M（→アイトス），6号機以降を TIROS-N/NOAAと呼ぶ。TIROS-N/NOAA計画は 19号機（同 2009.2.6.）まで継続。ノアの観測データは世界の気象研究や天気予報などに利用された。

ノア
Noah; Noe

旧約聖書中の人物。アダムより 10代目の子孫，レメクの子。セム，ハム，ヤペテの父。「その時代の人々のなかで正しくかつまったき人」といわれ，神が暴虐に満ちた地を裁き洪水を起こして人々を絶やしたとき，神の示しによって箱舟をつくり，家族と一対ずつの動物を乗せて難を逃れた (創世記6～8章) 。水が引くとノアは祭壇を築き燔祭を捧げた。神はノアと子供たちとともに生き残った動物を祝福して契約を与え，彼らは新しい人類の祖先となった (同9章) 。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Madame Noailles - Madame Noailles (English spelling) Anna (Élizabeth, Princess Brancovan, Comtesse Mathieu) de

>>: No -