Kaishinto - Progressive Party

Japanese: 改進党 - かいしんとう

(1) Abbreviation for the Rikken Kaishinto (Constitutional Progressive Party), a leading party in the Freedom and People's Rights Movement on a par with the Liberal Party. Founded in 1882 after the political upheaval of 1881, centered around Okuma Shigenobu. Based on political businessmen such as Mitsubishi and graduates of Keio University such as Inukai Tsuyoshi and Ozaki Yukio, the party advocated a British-style constitutional monarchy. With a strategy of organizing influential people, mainly from prefectural assembly members, the party gained influence in the Tokyo Prefectural Assembly and other local assemblies, but shortly after the dissolution of the Liberal Party, internal conflict arose within the party over organizational reform, and the party's leaders left the party, leading to its dissolution in 1884. When the assembly was opened, it initially opposed the government, despite having few seats, but gradually became more compromising and took on a stronger national sovereignty-oriented tone. It was dissolved in 1896 with the formation of the Progressive Party. (2) A political party founded in February 1952 by the merger of the Democratic Party for the People, the Farmers Cooperative Party, and the New Politics Club. In June, after the expulsion of Shigemitsu Mamoru, the party was appointed as its president, and it advocated modified capitalism and cooperativism, aiming to become a middle force between the Liberal Party and the Socialist Party. In 1954, it joined forces with the anti-Yoshida faction of the Liberal Party, including Ichiro Hatoyama, to form the Japan Democratic Party.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

（１）自由党と並ぶ自由民権運動の有力政党〈立憲改進党〉の略称。明治14年の政変ののち大隈重信を中心に1882年結成。三菱等の政商と犬養毅・尾崎行雄ら慶応義塾出身者に基盤を置き，英国流の立憲君主制を主張した。府県会の議員層を中心に有力者を組織化する戦略で，東京府会ほか地方議会で勢力を伸ばしたが，自由党の解党後間もなく，組織改革問題で党内が対立，党首脳が脱党して1884年解党状態となった。議会が開設されると，議席は少なかったが初めは政府に対抗，しかし次第に妥協的となり国権論的色彩を強めた。1896年進歩党の結成で解消。（２）1952年２月国民民主党，農民協同党，新政クラブが合同して結党した政党。６月追放解除の重光葵(まもる)を総裁に迎え，修正資本主義・協同主義を主張して，自由党と社会党の中間勢力を目ざした。1954年鳩山一郎ら自由党反吉田派と合同して，日本民主党を結成。
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